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汽车行业术语

汽车词汇表|_{XFc2OJ?
齿轮副
R?1I8\:u gear pairO0g!eYV
平行轴齿轮副
6p7sw9A$MTqY gear pair with parallel axes
yL m$F#gJ+nN#] 相交轴齿轮副
Q!r;r^"rr \%tnAT gear pair with intersecting axles@ [$D*`9S
交错轴齿轮副
;[+Q1C(m|1G{5A gear pair with non-parallel

r7? l"AB 齿轮系&G8\Z)?/o9e!r
gear train
2kk8@.F:L-z9a/cNW*m 复合行星齿轮系*c#xj1iC
compound planetary gear train#FK a:r:R6N`@`
配对齿轮
y5nv/CF7e mating gears
/GL%P]4T ~ 小齿轮
:puLq"_`0S-N3x pinion0bg6W$Q1G~
大齿轮
"?z C)E"}4z wheel
-HQ"A_ aDf_ 行星齿轮Ph(OH%t [
planet gear
s AEJg6dNa 行星架,rm:Gz'^4o
planet carrierYc-K'V3o3u"@S
太阳轮
w&c:}'X5k9h sun gear
3XfY7[1`D1B,y"a.C%[ 内齿圈
_P*qq!q:Vm ring gear2Y]`g*z
外齿轮Fp2rI,x.i&v:KS)z
external gear1mM/cL6\(~n/sV9iU
内齿轮z)?G&BIK:JV
internal gear
^L E
f%\U? 减速齿轮副
-V~:D:^#s!Y speed reducing gear pair
bq
h+Yi9mV 增速齿轮副
"? Ar.jo speed increasing gear train
5U:F6?h@cs8X 中心距Kl2l7J4]x.x
centre distance

G,EGWmxC V N 轴交角i~or-_1m3o xB
shaft anglefO_4f(WEIQ1^
连心线
Bx6`@${4CNJ5m line of centresaD ay#N%F[_8jc
齿数比 i,r&_/|'w0]4ZY_ Q*T
gear ratio
BO&l4p'u"EVc~$a 传动比
+}Ob \;A0yJ9x transmission ratioG*}+M)|`-{/Nrpg9q w&_
减速比
KEH;i%P/O!c speed reducing ratio
Jx0Xj3bh,f 参考平面
._Wm$r Q4C%Hb9T reference planes*i F&WMQ!i6e
轴平面'f)xx4A0t:QGW\B_
axial planek\;}u Q9k%} @
基准平面.NP+S)K!Ik?5Q/v
datum plane
d2e/CHuY 节平面+]%x#h5p.Z7L_@.e
pitch plane
? l._6Mn x*d,?3b 端平面
qZ|?7l5q transverse planen6O0m5PY!b5k'd$P#Q
法平面;HAJy;D
normal plane)cbxu^0O O
遐想曲面
3W;}Xe)z f imaginary srufaces
ru;V1M F O{.f 分度曲面$a`.]/ck8`D
reference surface
+k7m4yI/P? p b 节曲面a9ZH'_5T nV$w;D8p
pitch surface-N*ovp| l6B
齿顶曲面A1u|5Kq
tip surface
}XO }8C`3] 齿根曲面
Na{nI![ root surfacep5X)R+Z$sBl
基本齿廓&G`_|5Ew(}
basic rack tooth profile
*nX3j I-J 产形齿条
}7x)f
{+qry counterpart rack
#ls u2Y.qT"d 基准线9Sp+M-EfFS/jL:Y
datum line
){7i ~k7m aKAn[ 轮齿特性
4Nny9f2S O'\0[X&x teeth characteristics
d(Wc ^4c#HM 轮齿
1AaH pg
FdGN k K gear(qR9[txqU
齿槽
$en_;U.A \sb tooth space
4G#T'tDX m3` 右旋齿
J'f,dIb%XzL right-hand teethT~gM T
左旋齿yhI Du(B m@"n
left-hand teethb6Qv+f9J7~V
齿面n$v#Z.g,J!{3V;?
tooth flank
~-|V!ZM8`m q L 右侧齿面
u+IY%r#P3[ right flank'n}*OIG$eC@ES2e4g
左侧齿面;x'r ~6kF5R
left flank o{xn`hs"l7J
同侧齿面
0[)u:I/tHhn$u corresponding flanksPIVU
d r!M5K`
异侧齿面(I1[$A(q%cv\
opposite flanksn$wXs'v_ pN
工作齿面x doV2o!Y|
working flank
`s"Maz6vVp$o-c7Y 非工作齿面2pd%\ J
E-x7GB
non-working flank
[1N"L3G;w"FyL2W(j m 相齿齿面
H1Mh'?9k*Mj mating flank}D\hF
可用齿面JqJN$A#s
rsable flank
0i9[$T8}{N/T-E 有效齿面c;S Itbv Sg
active flank
e1E)a"X;SN"\ 上齿面
,s}f7{hy addendum flank]C){@R~
下齿面 H0@kQ ohB3G
dedendum flankw&M%Obw9G
齿根过渡曲面

Ywk;d@#T)d fillet
T mG~ \_Ne:z 齿顶面e'Q X.n4NQU Yj
crest top land
keS;W!\ 齿槽底面（槽底）
's b-zA X%_t bottom lando~"t0}Oj
齿廓
"V$thr-{ I*ZDq tooth profile"H7A9mlF1G
端面齿廓
E|?#_(zf!ck1^EZ transverse profile1@z yl`5e~-c
法向齿廓*H8m` ?7Ru5}m%D]I%\
normal profile
,[,a/HOxm]L#B6b 轴向齿廓l-A:D i+ldZ yk
axial profile iHTaX/C[(NT
齿线3fy e)uhqA@@%U
tooth trace
'W e6@{W L 齿棱*u @J-U ho
tip surfacec!C'g7IO
模数5C5?O+dUW*[
module
ca1j/VdD a i:y AW 端面模数
-D0[rSeN transverse moduleT8Q{
K)? V1E#M
法面模数
B^M3W p
V(B normal module#w[(k.~_
y
轴向模数
_M [y9u,^el axial moduleO+e uh'Hy7U@
径节
BQyy4~~$k diametral pitch6O#W(LAx
E+c
当量齿数d;]^-K1uiz Q$m
virtual number of teeth
tM
O+s^&zU:Z 头数
+T;g-p#T rj.ac number of threads
/pWSh+Q
Gp#I^e 螺旋线2xl ~3B%F3@W H
helix and spirals
e7Y%A ^ _,J"~
圆锥螺旋线-m C'KQ i:O]y
conical spiral wl%bBn6O-W:aA
螺旋角O:m0xw$nYC
helix angle
*vw3l1\3e1qN 导程
2[x%W6|o,iX lead
yw1S/N V*^T.Lp 导程角
%B\4t.[#j:q g lead angle
{@a;\t&MqE$N(| 摆线C%Nbs"l
trochoids'Z4^*|&r3h.[Q0Z&t0f2fB
外摆线E3Q`/l9a%ZW
eqicycloid
(ul"g)gXG 圆心渐开线
%h8JDR2u i0ybr involute to a circle
N%r ],yk%P/r 延伸渐开线
1H$m"A
\ GH prolate involute(F
V}dCgLe)i
螺旋面Gu_8j^@(T}
helicoidjHzN(\?-x6b
干涉
!vK
l/lf,]}u
^ interference
v5Ek+t%}heh:E 修形
m+it/MYR,J correction of the flank shape
t/RD4y%} 修像
gn{Y F-iq6G tip relief
$DJc f/]zV 修根
^FS3i-VJ*Cmt~ root relief
.iFuyG3f0wp2Is[ 齿面修形d.^f0mHOsF
axial modification)\$eFY/Z~3]
齿端修薄
4D3z:Ir{-zN Xi$f end reliefEb$S,G`L8V
鼓形修整
Mp#Ing9Am"gYh crowningRLF|J%Z c
挖根\ AQ/n:|:r;Rl7\
undercut
%X#E&I5V5i 瞬时轴h/b;k+T6}
instantaneous axis
,Y `yX#K 啮合
*J|l%m1]
p u engagement mesh
f3QY#g1RfJ&e 端面啮合线9RZaF4x0^
transverse path of contact
%k,U;LNo;`5^;w 啮合齿 面4gWG.pxu
surface of action iBs@#M
啮合平面c(~*?;H%m
plane of action
ejo7^)h[ 重合度ZXkZam"QAD-q
contact ratio and overlap ratio
9@"@Y k:X 总作用弧*AyeB%ob7FX
total arc of transmission
6zqC:u.~'^ 纵向作用弧
6}FE!M;jA3F5bwwNc7\7H overlap arc]e
X:x(x
z:O~
总作用角
,VY!s\7KzI-A-U4zn:R3e total angle of transmission
`8i7e&WBNW 径向变位系数
q6D]+Q9ytVx overlap arcklk!Z7Q M
圆程齿轮和圆柱齿轮副

gU GGEy$` ckyclindrical gears and gear pairs
!Q+{.Ql { 齿条d#PS*Y1s8E
rack
^M/Iu0N
o 直齿轮
*b1]0h3G|#g5j,Z-|4_ spur gear
-p(wB4SZ 斜齿轮
3ZO)S$QCJn helical gear7hdr.l2Io
直齿条.Z|Az0I#I
spur racknJdT(]Q2Ec xP
大字齿轮
uJ$e| _*S:WW\ double-helical gear)`A^F+]
u"vup
渐开线齿轮3]K YYN2\8{G["G!@
involute cylindrical gearh(Y~'I2\H
圆弧圆柱齿轮-W$t X o gw:c
circular -arc gear
V3z{Ehh 分度圆柱面Wv*MjaU
reference cylinder
4GJ$wbSzS 节圆柱面
3Qd,m1f"Ew pitch cylinder
L2]F0XF;nz$M 基圆柱面xh1H*t/H|
base cylinder9^k?9q)hC D {fr
齿顶圆柱面
yV+`Ms`4~1G tip cylinder

hw#J
y rPf,x] 齿根圆柱面
!zt^?\SG#Nv root cylinder
+jJ6K k(M_$z2tOo 节点
4Wr Q~%S?QmO&|N pitch point
a#zcFeF|3j^a 分度圆
9\:f#X)e-H/R
Dk pitch lineKGKK4n
节圆 O&cu]~4dF/a+K
pitch circle5P~3x4w$S1N(F
基圆
'@!fr
G;f'];T1X base circleG3R!lJi"Ia
齿顶圆（顶圆）
5J vU[T{2mW
d2D tip circle
&T!\#A!n-A4\)f 齿根圆（根圆）0K%k#_5\;jMi,?T&LK
root circlewWM [rm
法向螺旋线
0osY0z,^.] r normal helixHl._
q~Zb
齿距^P(H~~y5wWln_m
pitchq0Q7g[2Y,x1}
齿距角
xE {.y%Cx1T angular pitch
+a"@a0X7pD-M 公法线总长
dH s+a)X/eA base tangent length
2SVCT8BiE.u-X!l 分度圆直径
0Q2WR)Z-w reference diameter
1U#^;m%t)hN#E,v 齿高[P,\)f'I'{_mR
tooth depth
-B i6sx&[,Ifo&z B 齿宽
x
S2EV i%Oi)W~-z2w face widthd[R2W0Q
齿顶高
$a$M^3x)Qj
rm dedendum5OK fW
I'p)^2w!r0hX
齿根高
|P:^:h)[~kYJE3eg dedendumI^L-l y3U%n \
弦齿高
4~(s4u3Z!Z t chordal height/PD$P9k9u
固定弦齿高
1ff8b^oA Q constant cord height
ro7d4mF\[*` 齿厚,rA8`\x&H^
tooth thickness6FnS:kH K
惊险电影dagBuHk|+a
thriller movie
#y2x,}W6MkO"U*x 电影院常客%S_~.knrj
cinemogoer
JNtZti
S 以惊险的谋杀疑案为主线 H(?+W?6x/l"~V6_ k(a
thriller nuder mystery at its heartiKT/c{_&_)q
顶隙YVNE7|8b`
bottom clearance5Bl]8s7JZZr
圆周侧隙} @S'd m7glj
circumferential backlash#v)N lrek8L
法向侧隙7}Q'yY6}I:{
normal backlash
/M[&ks,s"{4{B6ed 径向侧隙t-v-b#W1Cy%D#n
radial backlash7m I/n sA.v
锥齿轮m{-b1EMz1z]
bevel gear
p&M:z,Rk.{ 锥齿轮副%}B+nZ e cI
bevel gear paird,Y8^ bY!v] n'w
准双曲面齿轮副
&z6~4w%f
Yu+uz{%j hypoid gear pairW0b*`)loS1[q
冠轮
2o+mB|T"\ crown gearMY&E+m#`]&t6sg'D
端面齿盘
!d(dtv"j"U
S contrate gear
&`/D|/L};]:M3y)P 直齿锥齿轮
^;e)dBEbh!E9Z straight bevel gearK$m
XJ9_6uiS"x;?,t8G
斜齿锥齿轮
W)]0il0{!V7T2t,G5A,j3_ helical bevel gearp8E4If.m/E a*`
曲线齿锥齿轮
d2U$cq@_jK spiral bevel gear
`q
?mf} 弧齿锥齿轮
5S7mFi(P,T3Q gleason spiral bevel gearv)x&W#Q6y)wK
摆线齿锥齿轮
;N|'a|'y overlikon spiral bevel gear \`X'u? P5E*|
零度锥齿轮O"[v9z2L&`
qa3h4e
zerol bevel geara~I0XP Zf
分度圆锥面
N2_6^^B.l!{1]cX reference cone:Q tjEwF
分度圆
vvdk,_ b{S1y6X reference circle
A/A7L4r"z+P3\,m,~7a{ 分锥顶点
TX5d Z ]A0kCKj^ reference cone apex)aH"i1mDF8H
外锥距yBL.sOX3^3l^
outer cone distance
d ~^0[Yfx9U s+WS 分度圆直径
y9vC]u,w5l5}g,Cz reference diameter
}:QR I0?.g e 齿高
I3jb5afB:h tooth depth
Cp {"?3|KZS/Y(T 齿顶高'D%N'S^)l
addendummt2g{8e?v6AG6N
齿根高
#KYrt!Ti dedendum
6] H"Ez \^d 工作高度@ Q!|!foD
working depth
/t~-]_V;g 弦齿高
fFdq}7y|3d chordal height
t*i;YO7Jc 齿距
;|]DP}5M @A pitch
#b$Ue
t;`^r 齿距h%vT _N2O7T"v
pitch P6P _&{3Aa
齿厚_/Fv7hn+k&l
tooth thicknesso}7J(ul,vlN/Jr
弦齿厚'k0q3^"FK#[[k-H
chordal tooth thickness
?gqf }7^G 齿槽宽

l a1`j/MR9C7Wa;@3p space width]zr+A3N
齿宽ySF!Z
rtF8w
face width
-V(|&m9h.HZm[7S 安装距
3FhCN]| G6e locating distance5A4ZX$U]
轮冠距j]Ho _ a L
tip distance^"k"^kp'M5oiCG
冠顶距 Ro#zG o*q7dP$T&_6v
apex to crown%}rqMfU
顶隙
G oo0rksVi.r bottom clearance
p.`hFIv 分度圆锥角uJ)?PUu
L8N
reference cone angle
-iW:eb)rD G 齿顶角
'wI8FIB]R7~ addendum angle E&Sl:Pfy?
齿根角([k-|
F%S[[)Q
dedendum angle
(}"yF;c:Sk 压力角
WF1D5GIz(r pressure angle
;S?en'|:W%{ f6L 齿厚半角;ys
`/]m
tooth thickness half angleiBE$}M;s:J
槽宽半角
V7J z$kj
l%U?
g apace width half angle8LMcA5{^'J3e[6\do

QZ
r1wx?3Y _J(qCRNo]({
轮椅升降机 Wheel chair lift RevR.v"[1qS;wJ
q
图例 legend
\R;]-e0vzW2e 工位 station 9n;b x
z"Y2SQ4\x
吊运装置 overhead hoist $mG?h0t&W3dw.N2U
更衣室 restroom T HB9Aw+Z-K!u
1号厂房工艺布置方案图 proposal of the Plant I layout
MW[lKS2U4m 合笼 mate ^J1m4fA
底盘平移台 chassis shuttle
D m&m3N3? jK+mY 车辆转移台 bus transfer 5YmP"\O
u$\8Yp'l
前围角板 front wall angle cover R~ Wu^WUF
后围侧板 rear wall side cover 'yv#xSZk
保险杠 bumper
@+pYL8FB7Jq 三类底盘 three type chassis
0xrr v-p0v%U 左侧围应力蒙皮 R/S stretching skin (road side) eSl#~^/f2~8kr
中涂 floating coat !fXH)Tq9c8m8}
拼装台 collector 7z%F1v l&g4O
切割轮口 wheel -arch cutting
c2X9k
Q7p oG1o f 内饰 trim (Vsl9@0e._ oj!b
线束 harness 2gvdS+X
返工 re-doing hg,j8~-q%x [$C
轮罩护板 wheel house }x4oBc1F?t
发车前准备 pre-delivery y/V mO;@s
举升 hoist WvY X6djmF
小批量产品 be pilot
w+^JM&in7c"m$R 2 套 two kits
4?,p9iI5N#p 配电站 power transformer substation rB!l3l-?-S(s5W
裙板 skirt
,a6qogh/i)qO] 发动机托架 engine holding frame
V/z"G:|{5s4Hkp 诊断报警系统 diagnosis and alarming system !y \0{6h!d"Dw
互换性 interchangeability
9S)w#G]} }mX&d 缩微图纸 microfiche files
s`TNl~ 总装 final assembly "S K]F+e0PR
磷化 phosphating ZH M9O0j;H;hlB4cR
仪表板 dash board
(IYHCC6vq9zZ8Fa 切齐 trimming Y3t+IDz;f.pS
结构完整性 structure integrity 6pzW[3{)K
自动愈合的防腐材料 self-healing corrosion preventative material
r&eQw"{no 长途客车 inter-city bus
#BJ|[A{w 改装厂 refitting factory +mwi"^a
遮阳板 sun visor
4wx#UA2_~Q6K3a 随车工具 tool box
!spt a}P 钢化玻璃 toughened grass .o2_%Nz.c5T[
异形钢管 special steel pipe
ME/y0j4ToY(P 全天候空调系统 full range A/C
F!k h;yY'q/b 强制通风 ram-air ventilation
8XVYf"aOU%R 停机时间 downtime
'mym%fs 无公害柴油 clean diesel 4|0@/AN'X J6c:WSJ
宽敞悬臂式座椅 roomy cantilevered seat YE0KA e#Vv
防滑地板 no-skid floor
^{"pZCy [ 织物纹里铝合金 textured aluminum extrution
ndp
~0SQWw 爬坡能力 grade ability
Zj,M5} g/hsQ(}x3kB 排水阀 drain valve
+F8S-_ X:{ 除湿器 moisture ejector 6suB@o4l2UN
怠速时 at idle xv ~,T0SeM
琴式驱动桥 banjo type drive axle
&[c~$ERi}S+Q+x 通风口 duct mh?{J
恒温控制 thermostatic control
"j#eE!wc1Q2\;n 平衡水箱 surge tank /\)rjK(ZeN#|
变光开关 simmer switch IOKhi]
消音器 muffler e#^bv(P k3N&Q
防破坏 vandal resistant /gPV3X D8D;?^
聚碳化透镜 poly-carbonate len Of|1F'ShW9^+N
镀锌板 galvanized plate u5w8PT.vB(f7zfIZ
搭接 lap #\.q`IVw:Nv8Y:E
亮丽的外表 smart apperance -TXQ$g.o1S
隐藏式固定 concealed fastening
1x-{7p&MvB 水洼 ponding hW'YDh"v H!r,N
发动机中置式客车 bus with under floor engine ;P%c a;u"Hz3mP
组合式客车车身 modular bus body pE-vrAz;tZ
薄壳式结构 shell construction
;eG"N K9w\,b#|j 衬垫 pad
{j/L%~tBx 空气导流板 air deflector Xl,J1Ud.t
搁梁 shelf beam Hc|^o+v0JI
腰梁 waist rail
dKj5_~5d9|P 梭梁 stabilizing beam r zTn9SGz
腰带式安全带 diagonal safety belt
'N$V|jh!UW:_ 压条 trim strip )H:`+[,E(DG
嵌条 insertion strip
N2W1pZX 翼板 fender /m*k7ny5S7]
斜撑 bracing piece
~5h(@*z|V'ze 转向盘回正性试验 test of steering wheel returnability"H U"V&V-[
转向盘转角脉冲试验 steering wheel impulse input test,k5\h2i'np
转向盘转角阶跃输入试验 steering wheel step input or transient state yaw response test!I@"A? orgZ
极限侧向加速度试验 limiting lateral acceleration test(Ol|"V+N,?@
汽车平顺性随机输入行驶试验automobile ride random input running test
-Cs,O~
v?+P@ 汽车平顺性单脉冲输入行驶试验automobile ride single pulse input running testV5tw$Sco!?
汽车悬挂系统固有频率与阻尼比的测定试验measurement of natural frequency and damping raito of suspensionRx^Z
BJe
功率突然变化影响试验 test of effect of sudden power change
pX1{-R9g"g#am} 收油门后控制试验 test of control at breakway+?9]p_2h5m
横风稳定性试验 test of crosswind stability
"m e2X"o o+D 反冲试验 kick-back testrluXUWF
轮胎爆破响应时间试验test of burst response of tyre0b;O?,Jy] I
绕过障碍物试验obstacle avoidance testT"Gr-[7O9]]H
移线试验lane change test
fay\0b!v`mz J型转弯试验test of J turn
8? h mLI
lS1T 频率响应时间试验frequency response test%z
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瞬态响应时间试验transient response test]}~,k8]WJu
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阶路响应时间试验step response test
s;a)r^d2U$V 脉冲响应试验pulse response test
RYo.i)n'j po 静态操舵力试验static steering effort test
MPp1e+\5s 悬架举升试验jack-up test of suspension
u` e \9JSS 耐翻倾试验test of overturning immunityYe$BogG
轮辋错动试验rim slip test+l7Z%W;{[2p-zL
风洞试验wind tunnel test
*U&K,Y2B\r8kf 制动稳定性试验test of braking stability
OqOvNHWT&Z 最小转弯直径试验minimum turning diameter test3Hxc8n;V
操舵力试验steering effort test|9ZX@#ptp
汽车发动机!?
TP3fT&XD~z'a(Lv^
类型type
a5E9\#a._ Rn&J 发动机engine
ySCw%?0^
VP8w 内燃机intenal combusiton engine9W8zP(Ai
动力机装置Y2](}-rT]7Ax$k
power unit
Y(Q d4v:F r 汽油机
6q{`*nv.q9p q gasoline engine
)F}Vg5k8ck 汽油喷射式汽油机Y$lB-nD
gasoline-injection engine
6p[q4x7^} 火花点火式发动机?kC4xDf
spark ignition engine
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压燃式发动机"zP2J$p J
compression ignition engine
%G\4L,]%};Bok? 往复式内燃机
1pA4b!q(J reciprocating internal combustion engine 3\#Z7`Rs
化油器式发动机
nxFH&tj carburetor engine
zn1k8x-z Ly/a 柴油机
dAq*q6v O2m diesel engine
,f*QX,n)L^D#X 转子发动机
Fy)rC0| rotary engine
y-_;A5@uEOm7E 旋轮线转子发动机
z4fPr?c9[Ct rotary trochoidal engine
XD9{vpo0WS 二冲程发动机 j-D$O!Q\Pkr
two-stroke engineRu;qv,[9C:oQY
四冲程发动机5}F{ f:`h6X
four-stroke engineh'G*nKs8o
直接喷射式柴油机(SZKr W
direct injection engine8k2sl1k
sU&?]'Y)i
间接喷射式柴油机z9y3R%^}Vw`:D
indirect injection engine
!};I1LU9z,X-l(eL 增压式发动机
xFe'_(?![5c supercharged engine`/k\Ra |j5~
风冷式发动机kN5o`q0?|
air-cooled engine ib ~g0l3|*I
油冷式发动机
(M'lPdp8oWsWJ;c oil-cooled engine?V#e0OTuC
水冷式发动机
l FjS? water-cooled engine1F3tb z$PTDx}(}
自然进气式发动机?l#w7I3Ft*GZ?_
naturally aspirated engine.BAKO%b0]HJ0N\(~
煤气机xJEeU:w
gas engine
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z.d^9s 液化石油气发动机!kc{Ow.~s;jN E"W#K
liquified petroleum gas engine
D6F+_ibo
柴油煤气机 mx7UU[;o+]%tcP^
diesel gas engine
Uc2hD&L 多种燃料发动机6ON*o8|g2p8B
multifuel engine5j'N@n[S
石油发动机\ [*n\(R8CC
hydrocarbon engine
\;Ho,Z/ChV7b 双燃料发动机6hW;PP7j
duel fuel engine
S%eM~.zi%IE.d 热球式发动机
]p;^{[BM,F hot bulb engine
8t5U/C'IaO Y0m
TW 多气缸发动机6h4zY J#f3m_|[
multiple cylinder engine
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h[Bh 对置活塞发动机
kMv1`Qk(P,r};g|%x opposed piston engine2D*N'C {V2f&RX.rj{
对置气缸式发动机;p'_j,Q!e;F3s
opposed-cylinder engine
N%`2A5ObW#G|0L7g+~ 十字头型发动机
][!~7n_w/[{A cross head engine
^#j!Rz ^:a 直列式发动机*c(]hDhJ
in-line engine
9m$U wl,`CEnv 星型发动机
&| \M6c/g&EL\$R radial engine,k:Cc(P/o+[3_W[
筒状活塞发动机
b#}_4Kd trunk-piston engine){X*w:`Alj~4}
斯特林发动机
-x&xO!mub'u!Q stirling engine,Y'@z#}_L1Y
套阀式发动机
Jj7xim9x6C Z8p knight engine
1\L(?Qd 气孔扫气式发动机
1?B#n I%N*y;[` port-scavenged engine
qMEA8h J} J!ya 倾斜式发动机zh,fo7A {_/DI
slant engine
QU3[Xz$n"k 前置式发动机
-wC8fk_O+g3S5M front-engine
.c.a*`2C"HMd^4_g'X 后置式发动机P?"~9pvUT;r)V9F
rear-engine:Q5l4srJ'PgK
中置式发动机9h$a9rD1xZ4jgo*Y
central engine
(dhR6U1j 左侧发动机
Y?5Q/l8pV g6[B g,o left-hand engine['F:hC4[
右侧发动机
0tu3^2\1f? right-hand engine
6N]
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oversquare engine
W i8V5n!Ch 长冲程发动机
d:zrH`8aW undersquare engineb:~8n+|3b$I1U3z
等径程发动机_
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square engine
[WMwD5O 顶置凸轮轴发动机
qf*eA
N2s/vk overhead camshaft engine;Ee-d3E xWQBi
双顶置凸轮轴发动机
o\[ xQ dual overhead camshaft engine
m:[Mh8Bu2Ba'jR V形发动机
'j7S'v5e-W-H+o#{ V-engine+H+Ij'U2]O^
顶置气门发动机
}!m,_.|#wO8mxx$m valve in-head engine,a+X`b@+t
侧置气门发动机
f3Ae2j2DgE|({ side valve engine
k@A%O'J 无气门发动机&@ zR9] ps'M]
valveless engine
/Lz{/vjV 多气门发动机
hPk5OL)cfl(p
multi-valve engine
.J A9^/Z^H+c 卧式发动机
y+n}(`/i|u horizontal engine
AFhv4_ c7hY 斜置式发动机A2|tm})U#Sdd
inclined engineX](S1t0\K5_R
立式发动机
&rB ?U*F vertical enginef7di
T6\ u2S.\_5b
W形发动机,b9G`5bI-^};^Ege
w-engineBi6^(zKX:\b)G3?
I形发动机-Mu'Qf\6M
I-engine
.Of2O*X*] \9w-M_ L形发动机
[:ip@j3`+N1HbQ-A L-engine"U(w~4O
nT:A)Z
F形发动机
#K }m4^7yDJth"k F-engine
(Nk-tJ,T O 性能
3b.Cl Pz4n%kF3Z performanceU4X^+LHd$dV
二冲程循环YgCc"yb.g
two-stroke cyclea(Tw1jsW'HR
四冲程循环t'rOV_{
four-stroke cycle
5~e/o3H(]H9d 狄塞尔循环U)\^:Ph+C
diesel cycle:MJ|w0nXo!G6R6H
奥托循环
pb2T;n{b%W otto cycle
:A$_uR}l p `1~c-@ 混合循环2D#C3|%Mqou r:l3DY
mixed cycle
|imv^Us"DELH g 定容循环7yGKda
constant volume cycle3Q \'hfcLKFw0W
工作循环!Kw/y){}bn
working cycle
a-? cA3[,X 等压循环
?#p_-ssn{ndN%Id constant pressure cycle q,pxk^ OG
理想循环"k!pu`/_y+|&QZ
ideal cyclem#g0V OZ.A)p"w
热力循环-b~2O/i-~;y(X
thermodynamic cycle
r)MZ2y)a8kp&oG'T 冲程
\E*{;L+cp stroke6Erp(@ q6dkk
活塞行程
7i hoRg#Y9Ay piston stroke
mT-s0J(b 长行程(wCc6go7~R%X9F K
long stroken}!t9wD2i"hG H
上行程Df`%b)i;Y
up strokeg_,n }\[$`;d;E
下行程)V~[\W6w
down stroke
,z%o;t6^l;u/E 进气行程
Sj yPO intake stroke
t B(a4qW`&B0Y 充气行程 jw SF2j+_f#W5gr5j
charging stroke+Asu'DpK
压缩行程 ~-`"}fp'G2vp ~([7At
compression stroke;edzmBT V
爆炸行程M%h)H.yjG
explosion stroke
(HnBn/BN,| 膨胀行程`L/eH_u
expansion stroke
#{m k uEX;~,M] 动力行程U#A ~1\g8{0x
power stroke
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Y*RCQ7r0}3~p 排气行程)F6op2]#h:b
exhaust strokeYC3]W/a*\J1u
膨胀换气行程
G!{7L1SM Id expansion-exchange stroke
w2[1]4L%h)Uc O*Xd B 换气压缩行程
8[p,fwb-n(f\!N z exchange-compression strokeBy:IB]Sd;Umd
止点D G9_;O A;w
dead centerU&xv*b_;z Jz2Gw1c+K^
上止点]+mH/z'v9Y"Y+wp
top dead center(upper dead center)
e/Q;lS&T7E~6li 下止点
+B#?K6ni!?7F lower dead center(bottom dead center)+g#Znol~$ohku
上止点前
J k}+iv budc(before upper dead center)
f#X!b r)Agt\k 上止点后
3@ErO-KXS atdc(after top dead cetner)5PM7VY&s`2qe
下止点前
'VTIC%A%Q `$` bbdc(before bottom dead center)oRU3N%e'q
下止点后.|8Vx q}Q_3IS
abdc(after bottom dead center)/J~QXw1{6o
缸径0])Qn%X8N D
cylinder bore;f0jv2Z |u PeO8s
缸径与行程
zA$m7M^'Yd(~)b1s bore and stroke
eH$sb4fa7k G 空气室
Ii%gB*]4^ energy chamber
(RbQg_6K 气缸余隙容积
1l!xLvFC W(C!lU cylinder clearance volume-N;I"cZ5T!J&aC
燃烧室容积'`%QM]{&U
combustion chamber volumev
ny0g~4l*jB
气缸最大容积
|~3O(_ b1h] maximum cylinder volume
Z @4?
\#s 压缩室
;Cbr+s Si
si$r compression chamber
1T-SoIk pW)Z 排气量5JN {$hl

NA3A2Iq/? displacement
6a?yEnzi 发动机排量
h#YV'M)` engine displacement
K`1aS9['r.Si 活塞排量
;E9G7crHVN M piston swept volume
*N.R0~*J+E&Zae 气缸容量 Q1M0i,b3lW3Q;dW/@%K(J]
cylinder capacity
T)z }2C u 单室容量V+@3F?%N#NN!z
single-chamber capacity
gKV9Ri%T#kL 容积法e9Y m![C8QyL
volumetry5|-~7i~Srf [
压缩比FcX R r
compression ratio0`6xT\+j
临界压缩比
!w0_2Ei
o\"S%@r critical compression ratio
CB9K7M6c_ 膨胀比$GI?YN
expansion ratio,jR#t1w,T0a;]9h
面容比#NL4Z!wQ+vxP6}x3z
surface to volume ratio
j%u6cJ\&DN4XlQ 行程缸径比
:QtxT%P2zfbCpt"g stroke-bore ratiogp6~@} ]uG
混合比-MM:IM:^:^C a!q}
mixture ratio
l4MQ2q^s"WZ)J'R 压缩压力
}&Q+O nj8X*SS compression pressure!s+M(MgQ%h
制动平均有效压力F1E A hh0c B,Vf
brake mean effective pressure(bmep)?UFy*h#rEA"dy:_
空燃比_-@uHU!q
air fuel ratio
;K0Qk2IwR9oX L 燃空比
e#FP]!\5f:fle fuel air ratiolji;V Z"]J]W
燃料当量比
3I:^f{s On#{:M@4L fuel equivalence ratio
(B t3k m#i+I"{ 扭矩7T7F i(I2Y?t vE"Y
torque
8oo8t0fiql0T;Y 单缸功率
!R"QO5lX power per cylinder]$`@"\*C3K(p
升功率$b"o^~!g:As@2t@v
power per liter
3w)T[0X(nq:H/?M4c 升扭矩 {7j9f/Eu9n#J
torque per literV0E
EyOJp
升质量0_ T4|"^!sK3L8wE6b
mass per liter 8Y wYIvD;~$KH
减额功率;rJ [,N8|v:?hw#H
derating powerH1frT
r;O1uF
输出马力jg#Wr!g%O1J-m
shaft horsepower
,\:s,Je-g1[ 马力小时，马力时`!_oj*F
horsepower-hour)J
oh usC8s:D
总马力d/eY7d p'y
S2r
gross horse power
0y!|V5wW9c P 总功率&x^.@F @U1s#\t
gross power
]9gfL^2eb3}0O 净功率
eGU
y*N!c pwj net power 5d%SU5K1w7p.kLc
燃油消耗量
f'?)m5U:?)W fuel consumption
9Kv"R|cAc 比燃料消耗率(u;qeY.`.J~(E)S9M:?
specific fuel consumption }+A1D*C,i/{
空气消耗率
E&qi9acEC air consumption;?"bW8h%s6I
机油消耗量
^'`(c9ter;ER oil consumption!FEWSy3S1h[;a
有效马力)w"Mp+P1S
net horse power|bv!je(BY}.\x
额定马力/|B;K*K,S uXR
rated horse power%o$tzV[
马力重量系数^f3z1R&E${
horsepower-weight factor.r
s{JYd_.s
制动功率3E1G)x `+PH2P/wn?/`
brake horse power+Ss,f?3W#?4o
n m
制动热效率;|9[#ZKo}Y
brake thermal efficiency !]
WI9@/CT
总效率{k;W-t9s,EgMQ,gQ c|Z
overall efficiency0kVC8~
q:ui7n pq
排烟极限功率
9Y:k]U"OPQN smoke limiting horsepower{ \p5z oyFk
功率曲线
8K X)\{.r0X4K power curvep-QyZA
机械损失
6sQIR2G mechanical loss
&bGN2|xK} 机械效率2K'E9}Rea~v
mechanical efficiency
v4f i\6x8d qG4yQ 有效热效率Q[9V i6cB5hj
effective thermal efficiency
I9YH8KFm 充气系数 R#M:gX w\E!A
volumetric efficiency
n7\L"x$ULK 过量空气系数
4Eks
w"Uu6G\ coefficient of excess air
a uC(B7r1Ex 适应性系数
l@D+zv3Cq4\-Q5V adaptive coefficient
d5\uqk X9l)p s 扭矩适应性系数
0K*B
XcO5b poc coefficient of torque adaptibility
*@7B]p)S.c 转速适应性系数@ P5Pu@(lN
speed adaptive coefficient|Tl&f5i#c
强化系数
"ZaR}B+zJ coefficient of intensification
@.a&^T0D:`}:Kv
校正系数4w!I0HcM-Q`w$_n
correction factor:h7lc;yc
换算系数
}LD;h2bT7o_ conversion factor
Mm;Rk*p 活塞平均速度@&rsckI m
mean piston speed
$_-|}Rf'J/i 发动机转速~FH,`&jn
engine speed (rotational frequency)8w-BI$K|}
怠速转速,r7h.y^&F Oq/H0\tf
idling speedIE'Xt/h,vmD2Fv
经济转速
[TN;\aH%a economic speedT;F,FuG4KHT
起动转速
'cI$ytk\i*J e starting speed
xRtj s*hIa 最低稳定工作转速 B%L5u
p`gP
lowest continuous speed with load
u.]_h/p)_s9K 最大扭矩转速
R{H(^3AP speed at maximum torquen9xS9XiKU
最高空转转速%NLY r*O#_l MW
maximum no load governed speedk,t!g+H'L1_Y
调速
w]+RwQD7PM speed governing NdwLOrI~
超速
*yh+e1L` V;{0Vm overspeed
[EZiE f7Rt 怠速x z+O G~1l4Hf
idlingnFK._&AtS_s
转速波动率8TtWaXG$Oe:p
speed fluctuation rate*j9]}5@;y&ZX#f
工况
9L:Y0Et1S9H X+s working condition(operating mode)eqJjn
J
额定工况
$~u,w
E7x-Sm declared working condition%YaO MJ"~
变工况
0T5n\ {(f!D6@*V variable working condition
@ An3Z%ewtL 稳定工况
z4Y.DNEAs steady working condition
)t"v ~v\RZ@ 空载Gu*mXg9yOT
no-load
@1p"IU0XhV+D'Z 全负荷
U;yN$Q%d"f full load
+xd-Il$Yn/l1XE 超负荷
6q(]/SOx:R1M_9Y overloadH u8x;S`m fV)w
部分负荷%mZFc7bWx})A u
part loadlX0{5k1M(|v
充量（进气）|wRC?.D%j|H
chargeJU(?\#Je"z
旋转方向
DA'`4o/KX9K!g.{ direction of rotation\i!`2_BL6PC
顺时针(r%J l1|w'CVly&u
clockwiseEFo7q,q
pxP
逆时针;O"qKNx?#t\
counter-clockwise(Ln*am [7M%PP0_,q
左转
[%Z*O(X C Y K left-hand rotation!z p3Jb/k}c
右转
1gM\
jd7YA1Y4I-b right-hand rotation
/s8D
F D*?@!Y 外径TgY)r?5d1J
major diameter
:E_h*lEt 中径aX(V\,LJ
pitch diameterOM?PdKE4Y
内径2yV$q'L+k&KZ7{"N
minor diameter6_7by:Z:f2`
径向间隙i:c!pAV(R
radial clearance
7j:T@:h+B*RIZ 发动机性能#k pi'D q mLKQ|
engine performanceSqa{;\C9E
加载性能
*p.?XmgVZ loading performance
6t6T i@-jMJ~U],w^ 起动性能Ex5T/tB;|uSG |B
starting performance
4gR
`q({m 加速性能
9Z2rJp#F-v acceleration performance%UF|/l5lE
动力性能
YQ d)b.] power performance i1u)Sg#}.A2Ia
排放性能
"E8u km8@6[&Z6D\ emission performanceI4C/sC
Bf,~
空转特性
)h,yrM4LTI no load characteristics
})y:F|YDz3F5c~ 负荷特性H.u+r'F7oUl{zI
part throttle characteristics4Xdl3LhY|;d'n
调速特性N |7{d x'l-X
governor control characteristics
#kQ"ck1M6J 万有特性'|C7Q_ p0HW
mapping characteristics"iy)w}8~2D%wF
稳定调速率Ip3H&h|_;N
steady state speed governing rate$hi,~Q F
气缸体和气缸盖gDm9?/Q,M
cylinder block and head
^5K'hpN4X?Hl 气缸体-pkwM/x4A-Y
cylinder block
!o.gl;`a u 整体铸造
l dO4C }0}$o:tg cast inblock (cast enblock)
4]~pBL y 发动机罩9|D-Y;FtV/UItJ
engine bonnet@t!w hqB2YWj
气缸体加强筋X;~ PY#e??6tj&|
engine block stiffening rib
/A.{Tg#Q:d\&T9a 气缸 x"yfS'Ek;@
cylinder
r"J*`-U y4Y
Ljs （转子机）缸体F&S8T"^7y-~#VC
statorP-qNTL)Oa-yT
缸径
.F0p"{z[*||+Q1_i cylinder bore
a;gTVr6VY@ 气缸体机架i+~h
j Gha
cylinder block frame Y'htm3|;jwKk
气缸盖
\@h)@Z.C,J cylinder head1pmiRat Z8]
配气机构箱
V;^@:A*j_%Lx(`Y+W valve mechanism casing
A6?yx"x)e$C$E/` 气缸体隔片+D4dO,W!{"oL
cylinder spacer
9~ ?6F TG2Q;nw^` 气缸盖密封环["bH$TI]S i-`e2~_-^
cylinder head ring gasket
^&|3T0n i's-B 气缸盖垫片|&O uE`V \Z1a{o
cylinder head gasket
I`b"X V?7c 气缸套
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cylinder liner(cylinder sleeve)
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/Xz#m:h&];W$J dry cylinder linerZ%W b`?t+c
湿式缸套
$Um'I/u ^HcF f/y wet cylinder liner
DN Gci,B9y 气缸水套
!x(qYoV water jacketq-O%@t,_EkGK
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expansion plug
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p"d3R9L9a&G freeze plugRP;Yyx:LW{&S:yo0@X
气缸壁
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环脊
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o+G/O*H` ring ridge
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i7s 排气口
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exhaust port
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intermediate bottum.a4I8c:Ag RVJ-f
导板"t] _J{Z
guideway!N4k&J Z&H7oO
创成半径（转子机）;o_S&?\"]H#Z
generating radiusq
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缸体宽度（转子机）5b-Bl.KL|9N!_?m
operating width
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column%uq wD`}o&z-}
燃烧室~ YA4`-MR)Z5Y1{
combustion chambera2]#~a ]!A5|
主燃烧室 FN7q)WLM
main combustion chambergq;M,L'V!Bz+P
副燃烧室!T6u&vfs!?LX~
subsidiary combustion chamberg/W)i:j%}{1i
预燃室5UDfoGD%E;yVx:[a
prechamber{3twR9n4Ml;Y KQ q4_ E
涡流燃烧室`ip V"O(Ey9X
swirl combustion chamber
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M:Y([ Y#^ }a8G"x divided combustion chamberMw2t}NK|1L8E
涡流式燃烧室&|"R Y@ G@)]7cJ
turbulence combustion chamber
#l#C2SQeVbL*x 半球形燃烧室
3@_4wH+Jy#?W hemispherical combustion chamber
j{r0L~)C2J)iH(m 浴盆形燃烧室 i:RJ2f b:OIt
bathtub section combustion chamber
$P)I-\/oNl L形燃烧室neN)x
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L-combustion chamber
d}#_+tRmG f 楔形燃烧室
aeRA3T K9c&h wedge-section combustion chamber
] cS0l F|sXF 开式燃烧室
hlK`'~ l)`4os open combustion chamber
*S.ZU&FF3^|8Nr 封闭喷射室F Y Kp;{B~Fr
closed spray chamber
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u piston chamber
@3T,\#B-U&Q.f*[El 爆发室
6Q0F+Xn:F#\`/N explosion chamber
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volume ratio of combustion cahmber;S4dyHap~kbj
燃烧室口径比
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|7s/}iN_?#a 通道面积比
8AH EN+N'a,g area ratio of combustion chamber passageM`:K jv
曲轴箱通气口

g-k r1U"?-kc1z crankcase breather
"ke?1}*fP 凸轮轴轴承座6HIEus(e-I
camshaft bearing bush seat
&J^9\U8~*n 定时齿轮室罩 h!X8FC!aK6ml;{
camshaft drive(gear)cover
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crankcase door
:lK!~,?H rs]1[ 曲轴箱防爆门z1yF Y B
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crankcase explosion proof door
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R^/|&AR2|*k main bearing cap
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.`lK2ovM j@@ valve mechanism cover$?Z9AD(Csx8L&u
飞轮壳3^ N4o-h `8Q!]
flywheel cover
Bn)F} U0d&L 扫气储器
s
j*v1~&I` scavenging air receiver
%}9} W fp9| 活塞;nx,P"z3l d@u
piston
&~|]z#D4tIy 裙部开槽活塞
ll GWa Eu split skirt piston
Cx@DVz;\*x*X.y U形槽活塞[VCB(`L"},y;c
U-slot piston
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],Ez*u7E0pg knurled piston5{^;F3qV'o^4S
圆顶活塞
0s
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平顶活塞
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h*c _`K [ 凸顶活塞Fu
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crown head piston(convex head piston)
NT&l3@ m/Nh(X 凹顶活塞
\8[qdh concave head piston~1F/VYFME
阶梯顶活塞2QB&Q#Tj4II
step-head pistonva$e@7d
筒形活塞Ol
p9O&@7Y'[)rT7W
trunk pistonH0u}Bd*Z
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oval piston
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9Ru3k0~1^4I%] autothermic piston
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d~4m7k 不变间隙活塞
sZpp x constant clearance piston
[o9D,?(K mg 镶因瓦钢片活塞.QTS,B)G_
invar strut pistonV8_#w:Y9MQpeX
直接冷却式活塞a(]|!}2b
direct-cooled piston
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indirect cooled pistont,b%cU?
滑裙活塞cCN{c3T:I2A8qQ
slipper pistonkAUo G}gh4m
活塞速度
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2X B+mil^3w:|9X 活塞顶部6`@
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piston head`L1wkuW5b
活塞裙部
W-K$c@t9kc piston skirt[1E$T:Boj7E:S
整体活塞裙 Q/D+bd,?
solid skirt%L"?*m$wE+J
活塞裙扩大衬簧xM|ctT
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piston skirt expander
D*H2K9f"H 滑履式活塞裙
/_,LF;O+Y slipper skirt4QDu:^JE4e
隔热槽:[ bT
[+?4X`%Zwxv
heat dam
EJgA&z+M 活塞标记
$x&K5N_oL.T piston mark
.v%C:e0Tg@ 活塞销
k?!t+P E WT/Qy piston pin
-kT8e2s$qft 活塞销孔|N'H/GPj!e
piston pin boss
u`~5UR)D+n 活塞销衬套 g~?d3WV;u-Y
piston pin bushing
2T)WF9Q"pg9N5Ik 全浮式活塞销 E:`2yiq
full-floating piston pin
P\orR0@,P,y 半浮式活塞销u:p2\5UJ9kI
semifloating piston pin:YQ:Rh_1t
固定螺钉式活塞销
Z5a#f?M3eUX set screw piston pin
,Yz-ro&~ RS1@ 活塞环
+R9H~yO9a.XLS(q piston ringe m4};A8^nr;|%~
组合式活塞环D1do#_8@`%O&zTw
compound piston ring]%?.X%\y P e1N-l:y
同心活塞环
0_]*~`:K8V-^*fc\ concentric piston ring
:qW4[9di S 偏心活塞环;g$g5in%bb]
eccentric piston ring
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free ring-{(_
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闭合环}"_D2x,br}zH
closed ring
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half keystone ringTi9B hpL)fZ
矩形环
ycw$i_+UF rectangular ring;@rVeI D6]_&ZH
油环
rD L{/Mj [ oil control ring
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开槽油环#d} T#n0ksU2TG
slotted oil control ring
^!~"P(J3B]:Z 螺旋弹簧加载双坡口油环
/SQOD~ coil spring loaded slotted oil control ring
]9Y3?6U#Z(OT+Y 涨环
cGX2QqHC+| expander
Eo{ LC&Oy:Q#| 双坡口油环O]@R _1Fxr
double bevelled oil control ring4Vd\{0WJ&h_
内上坡口
_r8w#oo.cu9m4j%fY internal bevel top
B!b ~%j!PN 内下坡口kFi
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internal bevel bottomuRXH|
边缘坡口油环
6m!G"l+z }.Z bevelled-ege oil control ring8zD{FpI,r
刮油环
o;maZX scrapper ring
,F]c4v+oW"I1qv 钩形环)p1}9B4iDe.|
napier ring7|2~QjU(Fz
镀铬活塞环7H,P{P,p+d:|
chrome plated piston ring
-m i |;m*x9Y~z @ 活塞衬环-OJ(r*zvz-II-Z
piston ring expander0J sl4Yk,E R c
活塞环槽
\2p,F)RF9m6_1v q/G9q piston ring groove
7~gY1_,v 活塞环区$P'BV*F;o7pIxav
ring zone
U-Z1JV8MG 活塞环岸7M oN(^Z6kl
piston ring land5yK#R
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活塞环内表面.b]P9v[l
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back of ring~h(~x+UJOa
曲柄连杆机构AV~$t}U2KZ
connecting rod
-l3{6~-NXi+E2Y/l9e 中心曲柄连杆机构f#r7_&U8n;r&W`0u
central-located connecting rod
Uy3Z2Fy9l [ 偏心曲柄连杆机构h%L CF#R iuv
offset connecting rod
.f7c H1e$G-r:~,F 铰接曲柄边杆机构zXD;P{z#[ d9f
hinged connecting rod
Ts}(~K6hf f&bi$?V:h 连杆7S!B;mP*H7G0a&X O
connecting rod
:P:BT]+qf@9v5J6Z7p 连杆小头$e(|*Zg/XkN
connecting rod small end5\-O~We C
连杆大头
p)q(s-SQg ~ OZ connnecting rod big end
Cj Ay;ZP} 连杆杆身
DR.S%_(Uy? connecting rod shank:Z+b3L7ZC T2D
副连杆%ut8Yf
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slave connecting rod
f8d+rh\.[ 叉形连杆
6tg3T\fu/TO fork-and-blade connecting rod
'T/r4O^G 主连杆C/f ^#^Q&s
main connecting rodi$D
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方形连杆
)}6G}6yi,\-IR boxed rod
kNk FQj'J,u 绞链式连杆9c(?7B9@#K8z7}YM)[$`O
hinged type connecting rod
/[)B
D.TR R 活节式连杆
,O4ow K6g8N articulated connecting rodP1C_q_l@
连杆盖
QM!lq)F|C^#]5? connecting rod capl.Nd9lQV'x*K x;o^P
连杆轴承
4O!QLgz.w connecting rod bearing
cY&Z5v5B'Z$c 曲轴.t n*T"S mXyX-Z
crankshaft
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整体式曲轴Z4j,V6]8N.z!w[
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one-piece crankshaft
"xc T(FR'e]$@ 组合式曲轴
'I(Kcz:s X assembled crankshaft
p3g v:X&X?N
右侧曲轴j _9H6_'n[ U
right-hand crankshaft6Z2G.^&yd?myT
左侧曲轴%g'K;w(H ae
left-hand crankshaft
.@ [0r-tdv T:\"?T&S 改变行程的曲轴
?(\C[x-IH$B stroked crankshaftC^V*u8?y:w#~(`
曲轴前端'Z&@4W*aU%q.n
crankshaft front end1vyO8l T;F}B
曲轴主轴颈)_l'PN.Ic
crankshaft main journal
8c"Z
jd"h.QG.S 轴颈重叠度(tge:c%y b
shaft journal overlap
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I^[-V$B-o 圆角
_Q6e Z8c*m fillet
z2m-JoF.K HN
F+? J/P
主轴承/qD|t7EU*G
main bearing
GWjkK 曲轴止推轴承
}%Y3ZIQt!b k8a| crankshaft thrust bearing
#YkOd7m 薄臂轴瓦
+A/T2kCo~ thin wall bearing shell mtH(Ih d6a#Z
曲轴油道`Dx"w n8xN7T
crankshaft oil passage
u Z2K4y9J d e] 曲柄
.jS5_"VU4[B crankg"i+pU]JuN
曲柄臂
#Fi/MA)b)M/[ crank armF b]YZf$]
曲柄销` iQ)x!bN)jm,R/b_
crank pin
}DEK"yj$? 轴套
#k(Yv8?@2T7s
P3~yM bushB0V i8F4V
曲柄转角
7iV)?$p,a/b crank angle
g!j9xI Zo 曲柄半径
%[&A;Z[1d0wItT crank radius
nT%j8p6B#`TC 抛油圈a*y5f4A;v'C{
oil slandere}(Awfd#wU
角度轮
U]&T3yXZ.n o-s degree wheel
#lG-u,f5?{b 动平衡机
^7xe.S^b D4j:D dynamic balancer-^o"i;q!\ {2PP;@
平衡重
J}4gP5^ balancer weightgs;QT_gN8}(L*x
扭振减振器
T
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扭振平衡器xKx;{,[!iDTV
torsion balancer
qW2S FzVflb 谐振平衡器
"H#rdbEFu harmonic balancerS;M1E,?3yho2k
振动平衡器
F$U*kb{ _} vibration balancer
:X'YSs!_,L1F6E
J0ddqM+A x 曲轴链轮e;D,Gv/l9u&Kge!{(X
crankshaft sprocketGT
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转子轴颈
fk3k5q0D(PMh!Z rotor journal qzA.M].X%o+N p%_
偏心轴
B9RfUf
ie eccentric shaft
4E6?n4`?BK8~*TZ 曲轴箱XS F-{5TX3p J
crankcase
4@u2JRn 闭式曲轴箱通风装置j8t'g#y1x!Rx F\
closed-crankcase ventilating system
Cl?1L0E-a^,}'Cw 飞轮
HQ](ZO g flywheel
Tk&Dw I 飞轮齿圈
wk%veGx%?+i flywheel ring gear%ZD
`H)FJ
飞轮芯棒
Q$qv9e9c8y%r cantileverEB p+]$p6V ]A~I"Z y
飞轮芯轴'UU(A;YFw6P
flywheel spindle

ZyR'o!D"P)Ogv 飞轮的惯量矩%ykW j;X*t%C5wV
flywheel moment of inertia

{WF5R,P#X 飞轮标记|:[Az F:R
flywheel markg xYJ#``
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当量系统H?1RW|!C\WY
equivalent system X{@:L g D
当量轴长
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一级往复惯性力
%l*jgc1HI%n(_ a reciprocating inertia force,1st orderF&sY_*Xu
二级往复贯性力 [t2Z8@r
reciprocating inertia force, 2nd orderJ2K\.QM_Y
离心惯性力fFE2_6_,ASa
centrifugal inertia forcew5]~Bmf#A;m4L
配气机构.y w&UEw8U5Fn.g
valve gear
ym?VH9h'G+LX[R 凸轮轴-f8aXUc)`5NB&G+`%r
~
camshaft
2o)j`9fApc 凸轮#Lp4Ir1qk
cam*f"lV'tN7t Q
整体式凸轮轴u(~hns
one-piece camshaftz di8{/qm#f e0~
组合式凸轮轴D([C,oSkv
AHb9II
assembled camshaft0|^ ShQ0wQ!o9CJ3]
凸轮轴驱动机构
^%RBTs-^u camshaft drive6U1d/X p,k8`6z
赛车用凸轮轴6r6n.go7J~6[
race camshaft#WAEc;@ @$v \
凸轮轴轴颈
/PG9[OEa camshaft bearing journal#M.H(T%~3t8M
凸轮轴轴承|:l~)W5q!u{+S fD
camshaft bearing
:H}}I-m;Aj-tfY 凸轮轴偏心轮W-?$N/g4NNY7_
camshaft eccentric,n4VDI.Ci:]
凸轮轴链轮
N5t~#hcwkDr o
| camshaft sprocket)jL"?g.QGx
凸轮轴正时齿轮
eCJeT;H7BhrQZM7t camshaft timing gear

c)m"n;V)m9@s D5QCd 凸轮轴齿轮
F2l.A}h/m(D camshaft gear wheel Ff"Lj|
进口凸轮
mI6ktv inlet camE-FKv1R#A3[*N E
排气凸轮 +V9P"Le7F_6\W.nE
exhaust cam
!}U+B#BC'fwa[ 快升凸轮)l(PG.V(b&R:j
quick lift cam

X\2asDJ4P5_m,{ 快升缓降凸轮
[k$_Lf;{ quick lift gradual clsing cam
2\0O^A?2C*B'\ 凸轮轮廓w+k!Hsv
S
cam contour
jd5n9R)Q Y 凸轮包角1@ a`'Oi
cam angle
6S(K%S"|US9M4U['y 凸轮升程
#vQ:UC}$q E:^h cam-lobe lift&h xw,o)d9q
凸轮尖&dk)cH[
cam nose
j+@$]qB[.J 凸轮从动件iwK+x*c6U n
cam follower
3d;q&Ku6W-g$[1} 齿轮传动机构
~/KeLj j gear driveSg,awm3w:o9p
正时齿轮{xpgg@l-x J+ZWN
timing gear

Sz]stNq
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9DWx,\|-IO chain drive`(h/K$O"j}K
链轮/H3~0`Y/gjqC
sprocket wheel
w5hD&vB6FJ 链轮盘-V3x4KGIfT/t
chain sprocketu
IQ q mu)s+W8k
正时链条 Jh-fn4|v
timing chainyE6L&Li(F}p
带齿皮带
(CIHG1x.M toothed timing belt#C\
pSCuh5B
链条张紧轮
KUbC0I chain tension gear
1lvrH l6p!A 半速齿轮
O p].NI4~ half speed gear
?6Ax.u[zOP 正时齿轮刻印记号
8EF$s'v\&V[yg"{ timing gear punch mark
5G
j!Q#p"~0u 气门KWI5]"y(`(d,m2a
valve.{?F&u@ HY
进气过程 MFp*J\'gty9Vq
intake processbcR{u ?9r],})b
换气过程
*jaO!G*D c&rXfw/E/H gas exchange process8Wv9wd#iP:V
gs~!m
扫气过程 n+J5Y`MA Jr4[Z
scavenging processC,z/O$YYl0mi(pwT
给气比
-H.h?9g(F delivery ratio
a`,M4yW]ZC 分层充气)L;WcU1a?,X0g
stratified charge
+f#j;Z^/lO 充量系数SL yX_%tM
volumetric efficiency
(R*w0xr? T%O@:IT 涡流比
/Eie
w!lmO(f:W7dGH swirl rate
;g/jv1n#B V:A 进气涡流&Pt)p\"H8s
KP
intake swirl7`|rq[,|)z
螺旋进气道进气 G+M+r+fK
helical duct intake
XV,x#|5VI?X 导流屏式气门进气|c9W!qy
masked valve intake#Vy8dNv2`qi
切向进气道进气J.n^ H!V#G
tangential duct intake\\I?y%mP:F(m
进气紊流
9N"](PHMaO6@^j intake trubulence;Yz,AK\RO
进气提前角
4h%I'zUH8g{$P5i intake advance angle
a8Q1iw)QuH 进气持续角
\-g2Is:J-{Ki6OH intake duration angle[V~+j7jv:uQX
进气迟后角
Rd
I8?0C E5~Rk intake lag angle
3~{{#f(jEa"b'b0c 进面值8]~:G%TE
time-area value
G&r#\g[j 气门升程
q)TC.T4t0i#AA!C valve lift4dqb[*AHy
气门正时`5`3J;^8J_ b,r
valve timingM[}f'C-NN
扫气口面积)^;`y)o?(?b9T
scavenging port area&F!@4j2N/c
菌形气门W Gq*Y9Ivp#I
mashroom valve, poppet valve;geB)ChN9Q3t
钠冷却气门
UN:g"W)Sf:jDcc sodium filled valve(natrium cooled valve)-B {'z.^k8q#WC
双气门
,W.d&Vh H%nI-G+@ve dual valve
"s0`5uh%F5]:x 进气门
|0Vjq#T m"ilW intake valve (suction valve,inlet valve)a$q^Mb*`1@
排气门
4cvUjha exhaust valve.`_
[e9x0w
顶置气门3C6S+F9duC
overhead valve
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side valveiG3['mb'Fv
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flanged-mounted injection nozzle holder
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transmision of an injection pump
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high pressure pipe/I ir ~&d B#P8z1l
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