贸易相关术语大全(一)
贸易相关术语大全(一)
' U: v8 u! d, \/ T7 T/ T１．Trade-related Terms 贸易相关术语. f( a3 T$ z; b, Y6 k8 T
A．贸易% ~- t/ c% v2 a, q
Foreign Trade 对外贸易
" H9 ]1 p' _) j- GEntrepot Trade F。） 转口贸易# U5 o% o; v( X+ \! R; _. [8 g3 @
Home （Domestic）Trade 内贸5 K c5 o0 J( ?5 t
Coastal Trade 沿海贸易" B' R& ` [. k
Cross-border Trade 边境贸易3 f- @$ R, s; g+ s
Barter Trade 易货贸易1 ]$ E/ D) q9 f6 K; K
Compensation Trade 补偿（互补）贸易
5 C) b! d% M! F* ]) q2 dBilateral trade （between China and the US） （中美）双边贸易
4 j! m7 R; G! Z, wMultilateral Trade ( Multilaterism ) 多边贸易
6 m( Z! Q |+ T' M; F9 PTrading House/Corporation/Firm/Company 贸易公司
' x9 Z, u3 a! ?3 E7 ~Liner Trade 集装箱班轮运输
# R- w' K1 X' W, p3 B" K% J9 V6 y0 tB．合同
+ \8 N4 U8 m0 R6 u1 K: C+ J# zContract 合同3 K' X- S+ L2 `8 B( ?7 H/ T" ?
Active service contracts on file 在备有效服务合同
5 o1 W9 I2 u% X/ @: [Sales Contract 销售合同% H" \; d, J1 F
Sales Confirmation 销售确认书
; K8 e# ^; A3 H" y( `7 L! n* R. fAgreement 协议
9 X/ }; k, C% n+ h! q* N, T& a0 WVessel sharing Agreement 共用舱位协议
: C0 R' z: G; c2 GSlot-sharing Agreement 共用箱位协议
C& M) {& J' k& |3 N1 ^) l7 bSlot Exchange Agreement 箱位互换协议
& B! J- o: b6 j) B: bAmendment 修正合同
+ v0 C4 ]; b$ M9 z" SAppendix 附录$ E: W) j. Q0 D
Quota 配额 : Z. |0 S7 R- R k1 |. A) G
C．服务合同
+ H* r% w6 a, X, E. F5 c5 L T) V+ E. lService Contract as provided in the Shipping Act of 1984， a contract between
# u' W8 o( \4 E* J7 V9 Pa shipper （or a shippers association） and an ocean carrier / X* i) H" n$ X2 a3 D3 G5 x7 i
（or conference）in which the shipper makes a commitment : V+ G- r2 c: w) w5 B y
to provide a certain minimum quantity of cargo or freight revenue
6 B% D5 d! S1 I0 e2 wover a fixed time period，and the ocean common carrier or
; d [" O5 ?# M! M$ W$ H& Aconference commits to a certain rate or rate schedules as well 3 p$ l% \+ f- s! x+ {1 P
as a defined service level （such as assured space，transit time，
6 e5 @1 [& c, Y- a. l2 f' F5 H, G* qport rotation or similar service features）。The contract may 1 J: B- s5 o- _
also specify provisions in the event of non-performance on the 2 {4 ?- b. U6 y4 f; Z
part of either party 服务合同
& `- S) c) b5 l+ i# e; zA service contract is a confidential contract between a VOCC and 1 z! e6 P4 A2 p3 |) U8 w* M) S0 P. D
1 or more shippers in which the shipper(s) make a cargo commitment,
' f. ^9 M) ]# h" G8 o4 B, r( Vand the carrier makes a rate and service commitment.
) u; \5 Q) j$ v' }3 w+ E服务合同是一家有船承运人与一个和多个托运人签订的保密合同，, W, _2 ?2 }) A2 `3 x4 |/ l
在合同中托运人对货量作出承诺，承运人对运价和服务作出承诺。
" ^' }; X, i# |& b! ~Only a VOCC (or agreement of VOCCs) may enter into a service 3 ~1 ]7 e% D0 G) _% l( }7 Y
contract as carrier. - y1 [( A1 F* u$ _% Y3 A* E1 i2 n
只有有船承运人（有船承运人协议）可以作为承运人签订服务合同。! Q+ ]6 J; ]! N* ]* v* l
NVOCCs may enter into service contracts as shippers, but not as carrier.
8 ~( D& m3 f4 X7 o无船承运人可以作为托运人来签订服务合同，但不可以作为承运人签订服务合同。
* _" L% H* b. j7 f! IAllows a carrier to lawfully charge a negotiated, non-tariff rate.
# a# L! U7 I! |6 F6 `" G& a允许承运人合法地收取已达成协议的，非运价本运价。2 K4 P8 y8 ]( b
Allows parties to keep the negotiated rate confidential.4 \# `" p- c- Y% N- u
允许签约方对已达成协议的运价保密。
/ z# W( F" M0 eToday, the vast majority of liner cargo in the U.S. trade moves under
4 ^# [4 d) S+ F; k5 _0 ?, aconfidential service contracts.
( ?' ?0 {. J7 N9 J/ L目前，绝大多数美国航线的班轮货物通过保密的服务合同运输。
9 w d+ D, E5 j" O& K- j3 Q$ UMust be with qualified shipper(s).2 o+ N% Z J* P+ B# H1 l
必须与合格的托运人签订服务合同。
7 f. {: `, K5 B4 N2 P# TMust include shipper cargo commitment and carrier rate and service commitments.
! \5 f6 ^$ m" g必须包括托运人货量承诺，承运人运价和服务承诺。' {! Q$ {/ j; x& a
Must include shipper certification.4 n/ y& Z/ E# \- e: S% h$ |( W2 F
必须有托运人的身份证明。9 `* G* ]8 X& W
Must be signed by the carrier and the shipper.( d* V6 o) t1 k8 z9 X3 b2 e
必须由承运人和托运人签署。4 ~4 t: h, e3 u7 S# ]
Must be filed with the FMC., S% r8 u" Y7 i9 T Z7 D) n
必须向FMC登记8 F0 D( L9 [; G% G" ~) K* ^5 g
Electronic filing is permitted.$ [% A- U$ S1 D9 _; }2 u7 I6 s
允许电子登记* @( g. K+ g, L; y3 S, N
Rates kept confidential - certain “essential terms” published.5 c% [: K6 Y6 C/ B
运价保密 －一些“基本条款”公布
0 L% x: B3 f! B, Y' X6 XService Contract Form
0 w6 `- I( ?' c- S, `% [% @* T服务合同的格式1 d m$ w$ [% d- W2 A. |9 W
Term 1 = origin. 条款1 ＝ 启运地5 D; K, v0 { X; D c. R& D. `, N
Term 2 = destination. 条款2 ＝目的地
1 e6 {/ S% j9 B$ ?: _6 n! M$ Z+ CTerm 3 = a list of commodities. 条款3 ＝ 商品类别
P8 ^- r+ P4 ~* p) V/ ~ I+ DTerm 4 – MQC 条款4 ＝ 最低箱量 M0 k% L! K/ r
Term 5 = Service Commitments 条款5 ＝ 服务承诺5 H5 v0 h8 g# Q1 n3 E5 C/ t4 Z- j c
Term 6 = Rate Schedule 条款5 ＝ 费率表" Z8 n' @4 G8 k' \8 ^& ]) I: G
Term 7 - Liquidated Damages Clause 条款7 = 清算损失条款
7 i) H5 E3 ? h, u% STerm 8 – Contract Term 条款8 ＝ 合同期限3 _3 {0 L; b, G; |0 z
Term 9A = Legal names of contract parties. 条款9A = 合同方的法定名称
! Z6 E. c/ t9 ~% vTerm 9B = Identity of contract signatories. 条款9B ＝签字人的身份* H" Y* _4 t) L! n5 P
Term 9C = Date the contract was signed. 条款9C
5 J# Z# B- p6 g6 v4 A) u＝ 合同签字日
9 G& p8 K' Y4 t+ [; }Other Provisions 其它条款
' H0 p5 ~/ z* T" E. Y4 iTerm 10 = shipper certification. 条款10 ＝ 托运人的身份/ {" r. `$ C8 R& [* f
Term 11 = contract records. 条款11 ＝ 合同记录& l; F' T; s! B
Term 12 = other provisions (including force 条款12 ＝其它条款（包括不可
( @7 i" U. C) F6 K9 `# mmajeure, cancellation, arbitration, and 抗拒力，终止，仲裁和
9 d7 |6 i* h3 ^assignment clauses). 转让 条款）6 X k6 g/ B! E" W2 X t- K
Signature Block 签字栏
0 @9 ^$ s P2 HThe Shipper Party 托运方3 }! V2 q5 z% w6 x8 M% M
Is the Shipper Party qualified? 托运方是否合格？! Y; M5 z4 S4 Y
Must be cargo owner, NVOCC, or shipper’s 必须是货主，无船承运人和托运人协会association.
- q+ [4 T- M$ d* I, E2 vCannot be freight forwarder. 不可以是货运代理人. P+ t( h) C0 ]" x o
Is the shipper party the party that will use 托运方是否为合同的使用方？8 [2 F; s* e" b; ?/ x
the contract?. x' J! w* P- ~
Cannot be agent or affiliate of shipper party. 不可以是托运方的代理和附属公司, ]( S% L# @ S3 h! t* w
Exception: Affiliate of BCO may be shipper 特殊情况：如果直接货主的附属
l/ f& f1 C) ^. Iparty if it will be responsible for the freight. 公司负责运费，其可以是托运方。& z$ g. S. X S9 \
Must Use Full Legal Name 必须使用法定的全称& {9 o- l: `' ^) \
The full legal name and business address 服务合同中必须显示
) ^( L2 C. H, {. J1 K/ Dof the shipper party must appear on the 托运方的法定全称和营业地址。
$ L/ c0 W* i" Z9 q+ o: ^* pservice contract., R( Z9 a' Q+ h! ]; ]7 ^/ g, [! E
Should usually include a corporate identifier 通常必须包括公司的标志符( x5 Z# q. h9 |/ [! H9 s1 b
(Inc., Ltd., Co.). （Inc., Ltd., Co.）
% X! m' {* ^" @! j9 q# j6 `" J& GContract heading, Term 9, and signature 合同的标题，第9条款2 M9 A% [/ ]0 N8 A
block should match. 和签字栏必须一致。
- n7 F g. Y1 P0 d8 yAffiliates 附属公司% _# j% m! u' w* q! p
Shipper party may list affiliates entitled to use 托运方可以在合同第9条款中" M& _/ r1 M4 M* R
the service contract in Section 9. 列入有权使用服务合同的附属公司。
% C2 x! v. x7 |- `3 N; A! R) zAn affiliate is a person that controls, is 附属公司是指拥有托运方，. c5 Y5 N5 w6 B- t7 f
controlled by, or is under common control 被托运方拥有或被同一公司拥有的实体。
6 i ] |% U$ G2 f0 \0 S( |with, the shipper party.
* a, y' l4 |0 `; F6 w6 sThe full legal name and business address of 必须包括每一个附属公司
+ C% V" M' t) t3 n$ T# Jeach affiliate must be included. 的法定全称和营业地址。
" \* @/ f1 w. u5 ?- a, ^Trade names may also be indicated in 除法定全称外，也可列入商号。) r" q- r: Y) y
addition to the full legal name.
5 _5 b- r" B, _" k7 @1 Q2 X) \3 kNVOCCs may not list affiliates. 无船承运人不可列入附属公司。
4 C- A0 k* {8 }When the Service Contract May be Used 何时可以使用服务合同？
3 d: B* ?/ i' _2 y% W8 u# ?A service contract may not be used until the 只有在SECAUCUS办公室% Q$ P4 N1 E7 e* s
Secaucus office notifies the agent that the 通知代理服务合同已经向FMC; M- r' m r# m: \
service contract has been filed with the FMC. 登记后，服务合同才可以使用。7 E) y4 U. S; O0 U: R
The Secaucus office will issue Daily Filing Notices. SECAUCUS办公室将发出“每日登记通知”。
2 q s; [ C/ e5 x; iEnforcement of Service Contract Terms 服务合同条款的执行
6 _( M6 c+ z2 M2 X$ v" Znot to deviate from the service contract terms. 不可以偏离服务合同条款。& N* V7 v! E" }: v
A contract may be amended to reduce MQC or 服务合同可进行修改减少1 j: W0 z/ s8 ]% Y% D O: b* o
extend the contract term. 最低箱量或延长服务合同
5 o I# c7 e2 w( t v$ AIf the MQC (as amended, if applicable) is not 如果最低货量没有完成，- G* J' f" B9 F8 c
satisfied, an invoice for liquidated damages 在合同到期后30天内. z: p7 M" x: i
must be issued within 30 days of the end of 发出清算损失发票。
5 r0 X& `9 ?+ q. Ithe service contract term.
, t8 Y; L$ a0 _* h% oService Contract must be with qualified shipper. 服务合同必须与合格的托运人签订。
7 ^7 K% P$ Q% Y6 D$ T7 J, aShipper Party is person that will use the contract. 托运方为将会使用合同的人。
" b1 m d, K& c0 s- A: A; J5 vFull name (and trade name, if any) and address of 条款9中必须显示托运方和( O; }( N( s0 m: V6 E* z
shipper party and any affiliates entitled to use the 任何有权使用合同的附属公司的
9 }0 b. ~7 h3 p5 r0 xcontract must appear in Term 9. 全称（和商号，如果有）和营业地址。( H( r" ]( L1 g. l& ?
If contract is with Shipper’s Association, Members 如果与托运人协会签订合同，6 t$ h! ^6 X4 l' V' F( \
entitled to use the contract must be listed. 合同中必须列入有权使用合同的成员公司。% e, ?& W0 C* K" |0 ?. p
All parties entitled to use contract must certify status. 所有有权使用合同的各方必须证明其身份。
: g: @" B- C% d- C# x" yContract may not be used until filed with the FMC. 在没有向FMC登记前，合同不可以使用。 y7 B8 D0 t1 O/ g& ]( s' c
Only shipper party and named affiliates (or listed 只有托运方和指名的附属公司- C( ]6 @9 U4 Q- P' E6 _
members if SA) may use the contract. （或列入的托运人协会的成员公司）8 f( U+ ?+ ~. I4 f. V
可以使用合同。
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D．条款
4 ]# H8 G, v' W) V! _1 Y6 vContract Terms （and conditions ） 合同条款
6 A6 B) q+ ~: I9 q, x' CArticle 条; q( ?+ G; z6 }7 S
Section 节/项
1 s/ t6 d" o- N& V" w, G" PItem 款
" K T, z9 H7 P1 }9 W& kStipulation 规定+ }% e4 ?+ ]1 N
Essential terms 必备（主要）条款
: ?: r& R- s; g, R; X1 w0 [2 `Revision 修改
4 ~* Q- M, b" l0 g. u- S9 iAlteration 更改
% a8 G( b( I& W7 s' g E3 NContract Signatory 合同签署方（人）& i7 V7 ]5 ^% F! Z4 X& B' Y, e4 N
Merchant 签约方9 ^ ?" D; I' M7 J! _
Head-Contractor 总承包商
, `$ P7 a3 W8 c8 {2 f8 q. K+ pSub-Contractor 分包商
1 l3 W! o& ^7 \0 ] l: \Parties to the contract 合同（协议签约）有关各方
" ~2 Q* Y$ x$ s- _; x$ AE. 买卖方、中介+ q0 W, v i$ K( ^$ y
Manufacturer 制造（厂）商$ q9 `+ P/ J+ K) t. O7 v
Buyer 买方
7 ]$ Y$ Q2 e6 U# ySeller 卖方
, r" {1 m* }0 K3 L/ w- WBroker 中间人/ 掮客（跑街先生）% y# |- J% Q2 q! R8 N
Middle-man 中间人（商）+ u1 W+ q/ O- W( `
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OTI 远洋运输中介公司* `- t( }$ M/ Q/ Q; Y% `% d" X- p
NVO (NVOCC) Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier 无船承运人
" p% _) d# ]& C# cNVOCC Services may include but are not limited to： 无船承运人提供的服务包括但不局限于：5 o3 ~+ k" S) v) d! o
1） purchasing transportation services from a VOCC and offering 向船舶承运人购买再向3 j( _0 p: i+ K) F
such services for resale to other persons 他人转售运输服务
H& ?5 C4 @% c6 }6 I o! Y2） payment of port to port or multi-modal transportation charges 支付港到港或全程
9 x' o& b/ z4 L, T& v8 t多式联运费用- U8 U2 W7 k3 w
3） entering into affreightment agreements with underlying shippers 与大货主签订运输合同
' d3 j# Z9 a8 m7 S4） issuing bills of lading or equivalent documents 签发提单或相同效用单证9 F- R0 F# d0 Q
5） arranging for inland transportation and paying for inland freight 安排内陆运输，从全程 @5 h, x6 m/ M/ A7 y
charges on through transportation movements 运费中支付内陆运费: _5 U2 |- K: c
6） paying lawful compensation to ocean freight forwarders 向货代支付合理佣金
% D) n! Q5 S+ r5 c# C7） leasing containers 负责租用（集装箱）货柜1 _* A. `) A+ n/ |) F
8） entering into arrangements with origin or destination agents 与始发地、目的地代理签
' P' X0 }, }5 Y2 M9 {订合作协议，落实运作
" M" g; ?( L9 b: [" C8 S$ v% R! f: ~Any person operating in the US as an NVOCC shall furnish evidence 在美国经营无船承运人+ o# B+ |% h, u1 H2 e: M9 P
of financial responsibility in the amount of USD 75000 必需提供保证金75000美元
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Ocean Freight Broker 远洋揽货代理（ 船东订舱／营销代理 ）* e4 M0 D3 q1 r2 B5 F' H
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Ocean Freight Broker is an entity 远洋揽货代理系
/ X: `( D2 l" d' c( H" I1 F) Z' zwhich is engaged by a carrier to secure cargo for such carrier 由船东经营，专事为本公司揽货，
8 m, e: H% {2 Y1 tand/or offer for sale ocean transportation services 提供远洋运输服务的机构。对外, w! G* u: n$ R3 z) b
which holds itself out to the public as one who negotiates 负责与收、发货人洽谈运输条款
; N9 [( R- {5 u% Lbetween shipper or consignee and carrier for the purchase， 出售舱位等事宜。
0 D2 ]' B" A& gsale，conditions and terms of transportation。
1 G' j5 `9 m/ Z0 M' `* LAn Ocean Freight Broker is not required to be licensed to 远洋揽货代理无需专办经营! y. _2 m# {6 x) ~$ ? q
perform those services。 执照
# ?5 m0 t+ J& P7 }7 p! T) z# r YCargo Forwarding Agent / Cargo Forwarder 货运代理
1 S* g, {1 {" p% @/ \# Z: aFreight Forwarding / Forwarder 货运代理
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8 S, P X4 a, S; ^Ocean Freight Forwarder 远洋货运代理人
1 h4 b2 c- C6 ]" p1 OFreight Forwarding services may include，but are not limited to： 货代服务包括但不局限于： q$ `' M& Z9 A% v& E
1） ordering cargo to port 安排将货物运送至港区（口）
2 C# B% k3 [- ` D& s* I1 H2） preparing and/or processing export declarations 安排出口报关
* k+ U9 u! N7 I: Z3） booking，arranging for or confirming cargo space 安排订舱，确认舱位1 g P5 E/ x- X" g
4） preparing or processing delivery orders or dock receipts 安排装货单证（场站收据）; P0 \0 M; i: I, e' P. O
5） preparing and/or processing ocean bills of lading 安排海运提单
9 G/ R& ]; H% v8 I4 ^6） preparing or processing consular documents or 安排出口单证及
" J$ l/ h5 ^" @, }arranging for their certification 货物出口相关证书
* O; c- l; n7 B& I- _3 ?7） arranging for warehouse storage 安排仓库储放
1 F, L6 @4 ~" k8 X; K" j3 l8） arranging for cargo insurance 安排货运保险) {5 l0 v& Y, a1 b3 ?" @- a1 k
9） clearing shipments in accordance with Government 根据政府有关出口规定
1 h2 U( s1 l& _9 s, G5 J& U# Qexport regulations 办理货物出口清关手续
; x& w5 s" W1 d- h10） preparing and/or sending advance notifications of 缮制货运通知单及相关单证4 x) q; O$ Z% C: s) w2 L f
shipments or other documents to banks，shippers，or 并按要求分送银行、货主, z$ t1 A4 v# \9 I2 Y/ }
consignees，as required 或收货人
, L* u! y1 Z( [11） handling freight or other money advanced by shippers， 安排支付发货人应付海运费6 ]6 z; L9 ?0 }& }9 n# _
or remitting or advancing freight or other money or credit 和其它费用；支付、电汇' r- x# Y" v O8 L) J& g2 Y
in connection with the dispatching of shipments 海运费、及运输相关费用
5 `" G% B1 I) `6 f5 F) b8 S7 S12） coordinating the movement of shipments from origin to vessel 协调货物自出运地至船舶1 r" }, r' H( ~* A
的运输
+ D' S( m: h: M13） giving expert advice to exporters concerning letters of credit， 为出口商提供有关信用证、$ R _% Y7 @2 @0 Y: t7 j
other documents，license or inspections，or on problems 其它单证、执照、检验及
+ b; W- l7 X1 k2 w/ labout cargoes dispatch。 其与货物出运相关问题的专业咨询服务% T( X1 a& I f
Any person operating in the US as an Ocean Freight Forwarder 在美国经营货代必需提供
& j$ ^ L9 g+ r$ Vshall furnish evidence of financial responsibility in the amount 保证金50000美元
6 Q1 `9 [7 T5 }6 \7 p: Zof USD 50000。
, ?' L! \/ U: V0 B/ l, @Shipping Agency / Agent 船务代理
0 u9 K: t6 m! D1 A, a. ^/ jSupplier / Provider 供方5 i7 o9 }. h$ H
F．公司* O- `2 N8 X7 i) C' \
Head Office （Headquarters） 总公司9 b. }" g5 A; e1 [9 A& Y$ q5 ~
Board of Directors 董事会
8 |7 |, Z$ Q( {) HDirector 董事
, d. {7 b6 d- O8 SCEO 首席执行官（总裁）- \/ K3 N/ c- o% j
CFO 财务总监- V2 P- {0 r5 H# Z% m0 H4 ]& ?
Regional Office 区域性公司
+ K* v4 ?+ Y7 MLocal Office 地区公司6 O* L4 g& m- D
Affiliate 附属（子）公司
! N% \. f# `. y" QBranch Office 分公司) t4 [4 v* ~) U
Sub-office 支公司; Q8 Z: z, _: E& J5 U
Subsidiaries 下属公司1 c2 ^5 ] z- B( X2 W. y( x
Liaison Office 联络处
4 Z& Q% b6 x# z2 SRep. Office （Representative Office） 代表（办事）处0 q4 h9 P+ f, d. `
Chief Representative 首席代表; o# c: U6 C! ^! B: V" k- J
Group Company 集团公司
6 H( n' ]4 v, |- b2 |- {+ j$ LConglomerate 集团公司（企业集团）% ]2 d" ~( m# @4 T4 q; ?- V' J
G．收发货人+ n1 u. c$ P: I& C' G$ \* ]1 }
Shipper SPR 发货人/托运人
! c" U- V; ~' J; V* C! UShipper may mean : 发货人可以是：. P. o7 `$ v+ g$ I8 v4 a3 V+ f2 X
1) a cargo owner 货物持有者（真正意义上的货主）
8 [" e6 j1 }4 Z j2） the person for whose account the ocean
; [+ A+ `9 B+ @$ ^7 qtransportation is provided 远洋运输费用支付人
) H2 u6 u+ I9 q* ?) X4 j3） the person to whom delivery is to be made 收货人
5 t& ?, n2 b* j/ |5 i$ m4） a shippers’ association 货主协会
- O$ i4 b/ |( Q- n6 I: Zan NVOCC that accepts responsibility for 承担支付运价本费率或服务8 ]0 D B% g0 D* W+ j9 a2 C6 D
payment of all charges applicable 合同费用的无船承运人- p) Q) |1 }* G; i3 z& j3 p1 W
under the tariff or service contract
( h& G$ K; t0 O+ Z f/ GConsolidator A company that consolidates freight owned by various parties
3 d) ~, K0 Z" N& P8 ointo one container. 拼箱货发货人/ h7 K, c3 M2 l0 e" g5 F5 c
Consignor 发货人; F9 d/ K# W7 ^3 k2 [% Y$ n
Consignee 收货人0 Y+ u. k2 O2 Q) D
Notify Party 通知方# @2 K- O3 K) f
Second Notify Party 第二通知方0 }9 Q u. [- u8 _! q. `1 z
H．客户
4 p! |* @ r. ] r3 @1 ~Customer /Client （customer） 客户
# g' B+ J* L9 E0 Q7 m5 G' n DDirect Account （ customer ） 直接客户* Z# G4 n2 S% Q
Target Customer （目标）大客户8 e" q; j% L% B) Q
BCO Beneficial Owner of the cargo 直接货主（制造厂商）+ k2 J. l: Q1 w1 d) H: B) p) b3 R$ S
Big Accounts 大客户1 c, s7 f) ?2 y, A; j1 O1 y( P5 E
VIP Customers 重要客户
# \: n6 j5 ]4 z% y4 ?8 ?% cAgreement / Contract Customer 协议客户
7 c9 _! L6 p1 ]" BLong-term Customer 长期客户* {! Q8 _8 n( p2 g
Potential Customer 潜在客户
; S- d2 B k: O, PPicky customer 好挑剔的客户: j( Y% g! S1 g8 ?: p3 }
I．谈判7 c: q0 H8 ?! H- N( s9 i
Negotiation （Business Talk ） 谈判
5 c+ S# {+ Z" \( t' ^; q$ `Compromise （ Meet half-way ） 折衷妥协
; N: v+ @2 \: n' C8 v3 N0 L- L2 c8 D0 }50 / 50 （ fifty to fifty / fifty fifty ） 折衷
- F3 Z+ K+ ^2 a; o2 g" oWin-Win 双赢
- b1 ~- h- y V. ~ m* v* W) a; bnot a matter of percentage but principle 不是占多大比重而是原则问题$ i- a0 D; u& W' R. |2 k3 g0 W; j
２．CONTAINER EXPORT PROCEDURE 出口集装箱简易出运程序+ Z E5 {& ?. l8 z- Z
As EDI such as Cargo 2000, is more popular nowadays and used by both the VOCC8 U' K9 B3 y+ u
and Customs, hardcopy Shipping Order is no longer widely used.
" `0 b6 i4 p Q6 I由于电子数据交换（如CARGO 2000）等在船公司和海关之间已相当普遍，书面的2 `; c/ J6 { U% w
托单已不如先前那样广为使用。% |- Q* g3 a j7 a0 N
Ａ。 To ascertain service and freight rate that are most appropriate from Carrier before " b( F! f M: N
booking is made;
/ g* p! \6 [5 m# y! ^' p先向承运人（船公司）确认最为合适的服务与海运价，尔后再订舱。& J3 L( K, {3 Z% }+ a1 X
Ｂ。 Upon booking, Carrier is to reserve space and deliver to shipper a shipping order 2 \% [ O# F/ Y
informing shipper of the number of the container, which is to be fetched by
9 C) `; {. o; \6 e) gshipper at carrier’s container depot for their own packing;
3 v! q# b* s! o6 s! F+ q# P订舱一经确认，承运人应保留舱位并向托运人签发托运单，告知有关集装箱箱号，& b2 O9 j3 U; M D$ H
由托运人自行前往承运人指定集装箱堆场提箱，装箱。$ w) Y) ?% v+ q0 p
Ｃ。 Shipper is to pack the container in full load at his plant or at his place of business
+ Z9 m- B# t( R/ f- [3 R7 g: W托运人则在其工厂或业务场所进行整箱装箱。
% q" U3 e& |; w B6 FＤ。 Customs inspection is made ex-works before the container is locked and sealed % n2 s: C8 x& R
装箱后经由海关检验，锁妥、加封、出厂。
3 H+ g6 N! A% k% b5 W! i! s3 T. ]Ｅ。 Shipper to send it to CY ； Customs inspection can also be made at CY of the sent 2 B6 r6 e; z4 V% J$ Z
container before it is finally sealed; ; L6 O8 q9 t0 c, |; c# H; K# ~
托运人将集装箱送到港区CY（集装箱堆场）；! G. h5 M: A5 m3 J" }! g
海关检验亦可在港区CY进行，验妥后最终加封。8 z7 s5 O. H$ S2 P4 e$ l4 o
Ｆ。 Receiving clerk who is from the carrier or the carrier’s agent, at the dock is to
9 l: ^7 T) g+ N+ H4 wreceive the shipping order which will be exchanged for a dock receipt when the 1 _. }1 h- k2 N) Q: ^; ?% A5 k6 u6 o
container has been delivered to the dock in order." L) K4 @' U; g% V. ~" L
承运人（船公司）码头现场接载人员或船舶代理接收托运单，经检查集装箱外表
y! _; d8 G Y: L/ Y+ {% W+ w完好无损后，将场站收据交予托运方。* y9 g1 ?2 g/ U* l
Ｇ。 With the dock receipt shipper is to change for B/L before the carrying vessel sails0 H6 H6 k$ s1 E- A M8 U
托运人于订舱船舶开航前，至承运人（船公司）处凭场站收据换取提单。3 E, e5 ^8 Y. ?4 W, E% u, x
Ｈ。 Shipper is to advise consignee of the effectuation of shipment
t0 V6 i/ t, O$ F托运人通知收货人，货载已出运。
% c3 J0 l6 g: z6 E! ~ % s' q9 G" N; T0 s ]4 c
3 o3 F1 p9 p' R" F; [& \
/ y8 e6 F- q9 q+ p! ?' Z３．Shipping-related Terms 航运有关术语
' T2 h6 z8 q6 `% S# m; iA. 承运人+ K3 G. S/ H$ }
Shipping Lines 航运公司
$ J5 n: z7 H; q# \1 w5 {Common carriers 公共承运人5 J: r# G( d' j4 B
OCC Ocean Common Carrier 远洋公共承运人
$ o' I( {7 C; W; ?2 L* a( LVOCC Vessel-Operating Common Carrier 船舶承运人
6 ^' a8 p8 n, `9 G* GVessel Sharing Carriers 共用舱位承运人3 h& d% @* }- D/ g5 t: N& G+ \
NVOCC 无船承运人, }% n: {0 J! H# a
Master NVOCC 主装无船承运人# M- \) F5 R& o G+ @3 L
Tendering NVOCC 交运货物的无船承运人
( p) J) d2 o8 ]1 t0 h0 XContract NVOCC 签约无船承运人
; J8 b* N/ J. H2 g# xMTO Multi-modal Transport Operator 多式联运经营人( N) Q7 s- R" R c* |1 L
An MTO deals with all matters in relation to the conveyance of cargo( j- n, z; [$ J- X
entrusted to him from the point of shipment to the place of delivery,
% }* a8 ?5 u; Wdocumentation and arrangements with sub-contractors at various
, {* l* W+ l) o5 Ubreaking points to facilitate expeditious movement of cargo. In most# i2 o/ b( A7 @( J3 @
cases it is necessary for him to appoint agents or correspondents at$ v2 ?6 r) \ h& _
various points or even maintain subsidiary concerns at important- X! E0 q2 W8 k% L; J
transshipping points to attend to all the work necessary in connection
/ [6 K/ `* _' n9 J; Y8 N# |with the movement of cargo. He assumes responsibility for the
$ H6 _" H8 ~2 rperformance of the contract.1 u2 [& H! K( X- e2 d( v
MTO Marine Terminal Operator 海运码头经营者7 |, P m& Z5 t1 b
Vessel Operation MTO 经营多式联运的船舶承运人3 ^( o1 ?1 {. q) d0 Y
NVO-MTO may be a road operator/rail operator/
* ?8 k; ^3 |" {5 |. ?. Dairline operator/freight forwarder 不营运船舶的多式联运经营人3 s/ G( e$ K( s* O1 @+ l
Controlled Carrier 受控承运人. [& e; N! c$ b, Q C
Rates must be “just and reasonable” - compensatory.
0 b ]7 P8 S% b' W- ^; G运价必须是”公正的和合理的“－具有补偿性的
( B. E) P: N4 U30 days notice required to increase or reduce tariff rates.
/ r% g# f4 r, F8 V0 A运价的上涨和下调登记30天后生效
9 ^ W* K* G yConference Carrier 公会承运人
6 |7 K6 {4 v5 I/ B0 o1 t# kIndependent carriers 独立承运人
1 w( ?6 M) |& _6 ~8 ?9th largest carrier serving the US 美线第9大承运人
" C' w' n3 z; W; ] A; cConsortium ( Group of carriers pooling resources in a trade lane & T5 A, V* E" R1 y2 ^, m
to maximize their resources effectively ) 联盟
5 |; f, V: W8 h6 A8 qAlliance 联盟
8 p$ N; x! M- h6 [+ y! q! NＢ. 竞争8 z( k: Q9 {: [
Competitors 竞争对手& C9 t8 X" P# p" a
Player 竞争参与者（对手）% D! G& f2 j3 ?+ b% D; z4 j: u
Foreclose from 。。排斥在外
" C2 i- p1 N( b8 E; X- v" yTo preserve legitimate competition among all common carriers
@' {& s4 Z5 u4 X: W保持公共承运人之间的合法竞争8 [: t9 h4 |* m7 F, i7 r
C. 运输模式、网络
. ?0 F/ v9 \( u# a$ BTransportation Network 运输网络7 P& c; x* G. w
Pendulum Service 钟摆式服务模式8 P+ x# {) w$ P% S; L
Loop Service 环扣式服务模式9 T4 s! O5 s8 Z0 A
Trunk Service / Line 干线
! m( d% q6 F& [- ^2 {0 l: ]& K6 S/ YFeeder Service vessel employed in normally short sea routes to fetch or carry
# A1 ^) w) C+ n7 [9 ^9 [0 T! Lgoods/containers to and from ocean-going vessels 支线8 L! P; A/ N! k- e4 K( R! D! X
Common Feeder 公共支线
& J+ J3 h4 j* ` z6 b4 y6 J3 q; D5 }Coastal Transport 沿海运输 + f8 H; R7 k) @# i' j4 z' u, {0 R+ b
Barge / Lighter 驳船
8 j! h7 _; Q* s+ h" n; @" fD. 船
' F" i: l" W1 bSelf-owned Vessels 自有船
% a0 {' Z8 I# g! G7 K, fTime-chartered Vessels 期租船+ K* ?1 Z1 L! K. i5 N3 p
Inbound Vessel / Homebound 进口（回程）船
/ _: |7 w$ U& Z9 T% s# F& NOutgoing / Outbound Vessel 出口船" d1 d! \" |# q' K
Liner Vessel plying a regular trade against a published sailing schedule 班轮" s, X7 x7 _$ Z& J8 ^* _
Slot Space on board a vessel occupied by a container 箱位: s, |" f" d4 ~
E. 航班 / 次
. W0 H8 N) g7 L2 fA weekly sailing 周班9 Q' H' k- B! Y9 ]- t# ?* `
A fixed day sailing 定日航班
+ a% j- h3 O) i7 M1 g7 hA Friday（Tuesday / Thursday）sailing 周五班
3 h/ d# b4 o, GA fortnight sailing 双周班5 K+ T, h4 L5 f" g/ ]& v
A bi-weekly sailing 周双班
c; h; C. R, J8 t' YA monthly sailing 每月班
* r4 R/ o# M/ U/ V; b5 ] y- IOn-schedule arrival / departure 准班抵离
' q& N0 ?6 K. ^* p, pSailing frequency 航次密度3 N3 Q: \+ M% w& d' l
ETA Estimated(Expected) Time of Arrival 预计到达时间
+ K7 E+ d% H/ Z8 P" I3 wETB Estimated（Expected）Time of Berthing 预计靠泊时间# G# e, Z, | r1 `$ d3 Q1 l" u/ Q
ETCD Estimated Time of Commencing Discharge 预计开卸时间+ E/ O" a* t! d4 i4 e* R0 G/ \. }
ETCL Estimated Time of Commencing Loading 预计开装时间2 [' ^2 u+ d2 Y- e# o0 L- q+ L- ?
ETD Estimated(Expected) Time of Departure 预计离泊时间9 e7 I& J: F& G% B- B- ]& l4 ]1 {
The sailing Schedule/Vessels are subject to change without prior notice。船期/船舶如有变
9 d& P+ g0 K) u& t5 e更将不作事先通知* `" F& O" Q0 Y6 i) O2 b
Closing Date Last day on which export cargo can be accepted 截止申报时间
$ p* W5 g7 b: X" tfor a nominated sailing. ! t' [; u3 c" x0 X, m
Cut-off time Latest possible time the cargo may be delivered to 截关日 8 h# Q! _+ J, r, ]4 J
the vessel or designated point。 9 R: n: K9 k3 ~ H, @7 B
F. 港
# A/ Z; V9 m& xBase Port 基本港
' p) C+ K& K1 V; E% |7 L# ?. cPOD Port of Discharge （DPORT） / port of delivery 卸港
' j. ~* Z& ~5 A' S' rPOD place of delivery 卸货地9 Q8 _- Q6 S: X' B- U' m
Port of Arrival / Departure 抵达 / 驶离港- n& Q0 @6 l; Q# m
POL Port of Loading （LPORT） 装港
; a/ P E3 f! O- t9 P3 PPort of Call 挂港! T8 y: Z. |+ \3 L4 W; p
2nd Leg 第二挂港* c u2 N7 c7 Z; e' a+ t8 q
FND Final Destination 交货目的地5 x7 O2 h# n+ E% S% G% S; \. N
end of carrier liability where carrier delivers the cargo to consignee( _0 X( Z; X5 Z. ~5 v% |/ h
Skip Over 跳（甩）港# V; ~# I1 E" S s$ G$ a
Change of port of call 改港
* T1 ?, M5 m, m7 k o4 qOptional Port 选择港
1 b3 Q* I: f4 CCOD Change of Destination 更改目的地（改港）* n1 g" l" a3 J
Deviate 弯（绕）港4 z7 V. X% l5 M$ m: h- v; g
Diversions the route of a shipment changed in transit from that shown on B/L 弯港
4 A: @7 [7 ?/ Z! Z# _; k P! ^Port congestion 压港（港口拥挤）
, D" m9 f& b: V) JLay Time in Port 在港装卸时间) B) g1 ~9 T; O& D; w) L3 D
G．码头+ a5 |2 v( \2 V! Q. R
Intercoastal water service between points on the Atlantic and
, }1 s1 C9 n+ z* ^8 xthe Pacific Coasts 美国东西岸水路运输- R$ Q% x4 Y3 }0 \
Intermodal movement of cargo or container between motor，rail or water carriers 多式联运
* h0 c1 W" }. t; z% d8 _- ZPort / Port 9 港口/码头（上港九区）6 m- t" V! l$ Q* b9 ~. t
Dock 码头5 c9 I- E4 ^; y1 z
Quay 码头* U$ E' D+ a, i
Terminal 班轮靠泊码头. \* t0 m) n C4 `
Container Terminal also referred to as a Container Yard (CY), A facility that. S5 _+ y* N; p0 \4 X
receives full export containers from one shipper to loading+ A9 s0 ]3 z( G; C
the vessel and delivers full import containers to the consignee
1 M, G5 T2 B3 t* I* M* Cafter; it is the same location where ocean vessels are loaded / G1 [5 x) m7 B$ a0 ~
& unloaded. 集装箱码头
' a# |. K" k* M9 JWharf 靠泊码头
a8 C6 q6 m. q2 v8 P+ r1 U2 sJetty 突堤码头$ O6 D# @3 B3 d4 Y5 i
STEVES Stevedores 码头工人8 h' {3 e! T4 U0 I3 [
Docker 码头工人
7 L- z: V4 \, q" L' FBerth 泊位8 I( n9 Z5 m) W& }8 R4 X- o4 r# M
Loading Berth 装箱泊位
+ ?6 y' y4 a4 J% Y* N7 pQuayside / Apron 码头前沿! d( W7 B2 n% S' y+ x8 I; J
Depot container freight station or a designated area where empty
4 ]- c' _" g+ c% Y4 g) @' T& h: Acontainers can be picked up or dropped off 集装箱堆场/储运站& y6 i3 J- m6 r/ o* W
Container Loading List 集装箱装船报! T& w" O. P/ @; z/ [9 ]
Bay plan 预配图 / 集装箱船积载图（表）
$ Q+ a) Q- B& k' j8 \8 uSlot No。 舱位（号码）# L: F6 C( X2 E7 }5 _
Pallet A platform with/without sides，on which packages& G% ]1 W S& o' w) l
may be loaded to facilitate handling 托盘
7 r. J4 v5 [2 v4 k9 xStacking Yard 集装箱堆场
6 J- d( p& r0 I( P% F+ GBay number 排数3 m8 }( l1 J8 c+ F
Row number 列数6 T3 }1 E# G" u, i
Tier number 层高数# G) {$ p( Q! R7 }
L/W/H Length/Width/Height 长/宽/高) U- a/ l9 K- Z, }( G
On Deck containers 甲板以上装箱
. ]% ~0 z- y0 G6 iUnder Deck containers ( below ship containers) 甲板以下装箱
7 l, Q. w: S: G" ^7 jThe ratio of under deck and on deck containers : M& ^& {5 f2 n1 u
being 3 : 1 甲板上与舱内箱位数量比3：1
0 ~: C% ~; w( ]! u) KDeck storage, normally treated as being stowed under deck,
+ G) p, K" Z) C! X: _) ^! H) R8 ~is definitely prone to accidents. 虽风险较大甲板装箱仍应视同舱内装箱
1 l: k% [# b8 wThe capacity utility rate 箱位利用率
) w* g$ r9 g: S8 fLoad Factor percentage of loaded containers against total capacity
+ K8 [2 d# o8 x/ Zof vessel or allocation 装船率（所装箱量占全船箱位或口岸配额之比例）
8 }$ w/ k4 s7 _TDR Terminal Departure Report 离码头报告
5 R' Q. `' X* o- k( u7 E) v$ GH．装、拆箱6 X c3 H2 u- N; q+ g" h
Pack/Stuff/Van （-ing） stowing cargo in a container 装箱6 m! r9 ?7 J( a( P
Devanning the removal of cargo from a container。# p7 B2 V8 y. X' W3 `
Also known as unstuffing，unpacking，unloading or stripping 拆箱
" Q o/ [2 z# D- A- `& y* uConsolidation ( the combination of many small shipments into one container ) 拼装$ g: M: g& W8 e) j" N+ x0 y4 l
CLP Container Load Plan A document prepared to show all details of cargo
$ m, a) X. W* m& n+ M0 g3 [loaded in a container e.g. weight ( individual and total), measurement, 4 w/ H9 i! K; Q, _, q. q
markings, shippers, consignees, the origin & destination of goods
0 P* d! h6 v- w6 Jand location of cargo within the container 集装箱配载图
9 b5 ^- C4 u% [Container Number the unique identification of a container 箱号0 K7 Y! e0 j7 I8 q e( L# D3 Q8 a
Seal 集装箱箱封
9 n' s9 s, I2 w( J+ Y( aContainer Seal Number the number of high security seals provided by the carrier 箱封号
* s- h7 [' u9 k) WLocked and Sealed 集装箱已锁妥、封好9 \& P" F w: {- v" J( u
Partial Shipment 分批装运
9 p; ?5 {& K9 w t. ^: A# ^I．吊
( o. p2 Z5 U7 X2 W6 e6 gShore Crane / Gantry Crane 岸吊
/ D. @% n+ m' u, D! }& HPortainer 集装箱岸吊8 u) Y. {5 _: M& u7 E
Mobile Crane 汽车吊7 L2 Q1 d4 j. j1 x
Fork Lift 叉车
$ R6 f+ u( {5 x6 d' w3 lLoading Platform 装卸平台
1 T2 |8 U+ t2 GJ． 保税
4 t! s l( y/ s5 t0 c- g d xBonded Area 保税区
& {! z! `( W! x% \9 }( r) EBonded Goods ( Goods in Bond) 保税货物
" p# v: e) K E% WBonded Warehouse 保税库
2 \' ]/ K. g, l9 }, RCaged stored at bonded warehouse 进入海关监管
# {5 g) B' R0 n/ _K． 集卡
" B+ I0 y4 @, JRoad Transportation 公路运输
8 D! S+ o0 K: t/ c( WLorry with IC Card 有白卡的集卡 % f9 \3 U* I! |$ L; V; Y- x
Chassis a wheeled flat bed or a trailer to accommodate ) G0 E/ O* Z _9 C& w6 _* x
containers moving over the road 集卡1 N! k/ R) g& T2 e. ~' n) X3 k
Tractor 牵引车/拖头- A/ A9 u; c9 J, v6 [7 s# f& s
Low-bed 低平板车
% d& ~ T, j0 Y8 [6 ETrailer 拖车4 U. p" n9 q) a! D- G/ A, M
Transporter 拖车" ]8 V8 {& U: A) u* U
DST Double Stack Train，capable of carrying 2 x 40’ 可装2个高（双层）的火车& Q7 |* C) R1 p3 `2 o
Trucking Company 车队（汽车运输公司）
% H5 l& V0 _; t4 aHaulage / Drayage 驳运/汽车陆运
" F3 a7 s& n4 o- ~. r4 ^* gTruck Transfer 汽车驳运
. D$ ~; o0 A9 Z9 ~" kAxle load 轴负荷
/ L8 N3 Q! p$ _ L; i" HTire-load 轮胎负荷
7 `. Y2 Q7 G, T, u9 S: y. W$ KToll Gate 收费口
: o$ v- ~+ b1 K, ]1 GL． 船代5 k) Z* ?, i3 I1 ~! H$ r
Shipping agent 船舶代理
+ T) k# t; W- |5 j9 dLocal shipping agent 当地船代
$ H" W8 u, p! H& y+ Q; ?Handling Agent 操作代理1 k% B. c; _1 T( f# Z# }
Booking Agent the party who secures FOB cargo 订舱代理; q8 \+ Q2 C/ {7 x6 T4 d
Shipping Agency network 代理网络9 y7 b6 v# w v# ?3 B
Boarding Agent / Clerk 代理外勤（登轮）( |6 A1 H6 X# [
Cargo Canvassing 揽货0 {, D0 y* c) z" e1 ^% g' C
FFF Freight Forwarding Fee 货代佣金
5 A* R& _1 e }Brokerage / Commission 佣金4 H, f: p6 H. n9 E
M． 供应
8 Z* [8 z$ ^+ V1 k5 H `Procurement 采购
: p9 C6 D1 O" I+ eShip-chandler 船舶供应商
2 n( T3 T* E. L" h; H9 J! TBunker Supplier 船舶燃料供应公司
, o; ^& G0 |. A' j$ ?- M [3 bSeamen’s Club 海员俱乐部0 X* M! J' n; U
Travel Agency 旅行社
7 W, R' `. W4 A6 r0 hCouriers UPS/TNT/HDS/EMS 快递
7 f0 Z, U1 {9 ?- ?: g( M3 ]" vN． 订舱
, Q, H. @ n, J( f C: q1 EBooking 订舱
9 O- Z9 N2 w4 ]* X$ `# S: b HBooking Note 订舱单
- W$ i& Q6 J: O; L7 a* ABooking Number 订舱号
& R' @0 x0 B( \6 vDock Receipt a form used to acknowledge receipt of cargo at a pier 场站收据
+ ^/ j# ?. t8 ?2 j& h1 R# s3 OM/F (Manifest ) a manifest that lists only cargo, without freight and charges 舱单 {4 I& G. t! J! k# A0 H+ w- o7 ~
Cable/Telex Release 电放3 _1 J0 O& p$ @) M; O# P$ L9 f* w
A Circular Letter 通告信/通知书) }2 b! f7 `% l4 @* Z4 {7 r
PIC Person in Charge 具体负责操作人员
, u( {( @8 d; n' }4 WThe said party 所涉及的一方
4 Z- H- K' a# D" \% I: ]On Board B/L A B/L in which a carrier acknowledges that goods have been placed
J3 U# c+ e3 v; p s0 k5 F# Con board a certain vessel。Used to satisfy the requirements of a L/C On Board提单. @' n0 N1 K8 n2 I
Shut-Out containers/goods not carried on intended vessel 漏装箱
1 {6 Q& ^3 _+ g# R' GMissed Voyage Container 漏装箱1 c- U" V2 [. L$ V' E
Cancellation 退关箱) B( c" b; H3 U& O" w
O．中转8 D0 W1 \! `' L. V# Y' i. ]/ X
In bound vessel or cargo going to port of discharge or final destination 进口: h/ q) m- V# s0 D' i
In transit 中转0 ?) g1 Q& ]1 Z/ _- O6 F
Transportation hub 中转港- b6 \8 W' v9 B& A9 x, ^! w
Strategically located hubs 地处战略要地的中转港
0 y0 F) w: }! L4 O0 iT/S Transshipping / Transshipment 转运/转口
+ m$ O8 U- l+ q( _7 g" k/ VMLB Mini-Land Bridge / Mini-Bridge
# \) k: e) Z3 v$ ]- ?: H& p- Wcargo moving from/to an inland destination on one B/L7 ^1 V Y( Q% v( c( A
from/to a foreign port through 2 US ports 小陆桥
/ A- [- k! v7 H1 F) n4 L' S, H! ]! oMislaid in transit 中转途中错卸9 U& u# M: e+ C2 `- ]
BP Base Port 基本港" N/ _( C$ y$ w+ _
Prompt release 即时放行- y* d+ [3 n: v* Y, F0 W. ?# P/ n
Permit for its unloading 允许卸船
7 i' x7 ~3 _. s: m( [ {/ T/ O6 PPTT Permit to Transfer 中转货出港放行证
! D6 c) m/ B7 f, ^: _* ATransit time 航程时间 / 中转时间
/ R3 e, F# L: q* T- r( t2 gCargo availability at destination in。。 货物运抵目的地+ ~/ H ^! |1 O% \
Second Carrier （第）二程船: i$ U( ]+ h. V* u& Z7 i
On carriage / second carriage 二程运输 J; [% K! [" q) ~: ^7 R4 N
Service-related Terms 运输条款相关术语
; Q) |. N( D z6 P- jA. CY/CY (Y/Y) This CY to CY service means: 场到场$ |- W% |9 \7 n: }0 L. H
FCL/FCL Containers packed by Shippers off Carrier’s $ b, j; B: N. t% |6 E) _" ?
premises, and delivered to Carrier’s CY, accepted * l# P' ] |4 S# B3 \ F: E& Z
by Consignee at Carrier’s CY and unpacked off 6 T+ c6 q2 T s$ h' @+ |, x
Carrier’s premises, all at the risk and expense of
" y; ]; G; j" U5 P) x1 S+ i' Jthe cargo.。。for pick up intact by consignee
, H9 [( S* C& `2 f& HB. CY/CFS (Y/S) This CY to CFS service means : 场到站
, t& z: h; [) g6 e2 D% u% EFCL/LCL Containers packed by Shippers off Carrier’s . }5 G" S0 S5 p0 r' o/ Z
premises and Delivered to Carrier’s CY, Unpacked 6 M k; U* r4 v* S
by the Carrier at the destination port CFS, All at the
. S& G! o2 b+ d. ]: Erisk and expense of the cargo 。。devanned by the ; @/ n- U/ H" y. S, A* p$ i( H
carrier for loose pick up" W; D' ], E9 }0 D" k# T
C. CFS/CFS (S/S) This CFS to CFS service means : 站到站/ W4 l) i, _) Q$ K' e% N1 G! \
Cargo delivered to Carrier’s CFS to be packed
/ ` @3 Z/ O$ j5 `by Carrier; To be unpacked by Carrier at Carrier’s 7 t2 r4 f; E# y; @9 i" ]+ q% S0 N
destination port CFS; All at the risk and expense of
! e9 d! J, y R! Vthe cargo。A kind of cargo movement by container. $ d6 J. y9 Z( N4 q' v
Delivered loose at origin point with vanning by carrier, 3 |" B6 b& h, a1 o
devanned by carrier at destination, and picked up
- r- D+ P1 J/ Y& Floose at destination. P. Y: K" ]5 m* v, E
D. CFS/CY ( S/Y) This CFS to CY service means : 站到场, }+ R) t' P$ }, m
Cargo delivered to Carrier’s CFS to be packed by - x2 T: r# z8 Y+ I, _
Carrier; Accepted by Consignee at Carrier’s CY & z: e# C" Y3 @7 k1 J) P
and Unpacked by Consignee off Carrier’s premises;2 J% F$ r- o6 |: {& X
All at the risk and expense of the cargo.: f! _# r7 A6 i1 d, k* F6 H% ~& k
E. D/D Door to Door 门到门" N+ r8 } ]2 |5 {) S
Containers can be fetched by carrier at sender’s place
( i8 c# M; W0 O* A* Y6 o$ x& \by using lorries or rail cars and conveyed to container
- S3 x* _) R: Z& q0 b- f8 V1 [& Sterminal for loading. At the other end of journey the( J H% R ?' U7 w5 I* X
container can be delivered at receiver’s place upon arrival.* o/ u8 v/ m7 a7 {8 s# K9 B
F. Co-Load(-ing) 套约拼装, n7 x s7 t# _$ e: A" z' e' o" V
(1) The Combining of Cargo, in the import or export foreign
( x. b2 |/ f, l5 I" U: l. jcommerce of the U.S., by 2 or more NVOCCs for tendering
4 d7 N2 v% |. a5 h. E' ?+ H* \to the ocean carrier under the name of 1 master NVOCC.
! g- {0 W" m9 e+ C) h4 R套约拼装是指，美国外贸进出口业务中，2个以上NVOCC的5 O, b+ }# N1 h0 x$ }# }6 T* p
拼装货物以1个主装NVOCC的名义交远洋承运人出运. V- K6 F' n, p% f5 ` o7 F
(2) Carrier engages in co-loading by tendering cargo and/or 4 _: ^5 e: Q# U5 A! b6 M
receiving cargo from other NVOCCs.
1 K8 L0 g' @) O$ }% ^6 M- Y: j承运人从别的NVOCC处接运货物进行套约拼装
6 [. x) o2 ?" j0 _ ^! A/ P(3) When shippers’ cargo is tendered for co-loading to other
; @: S5 Z4 r8 Z) L) X* zNVOCCs the tendering NVOCC shall be liable to the shipper " e2 N5 S H1 k. t+ e
to the full extent provided in its Bill of Lading and such Bill
- u* N& X; |8 D1 Q, Mof lading liability shall not be altered by co-loading. ( L: {$ q6 J& w! L; U& l
接受托运人货物，尔后再跟别的NVOCC货物拼装，接载的
$ J$ O% A Q8 H, [NVOCC对托运人货物承担其提单条款中所规定的所有责任；
" P, d, a) B2 o# a& p责任的性质不因套约拼装而改变。
- g0 A7 @; ?" A" ^0 E6 m8 Q1 t(4) Shippers are responsible for payment of rates and charges only
6 W4 x5 C# _6 D0 w. ato the extent that such rates and charges are provided in this tariff.& @0 k, Z: t/ X! V
托运人仅向接载NVOCC支付该NVOCC费率中规定的海运
: |7 ]; I+ V" f( W: w费和其它附加费3 Z! W/ O6 U! ^& l2 `- ^
(5) The carrier shall notify shippers that their cargo has been 2 h1 F0 f+ G# @0 |& @% E
co-loaded by annotating each applicable Bill of Lading 8 i" u" m( }' Y; y4 c
with the following statement ‘Cargo covered by this Bill of
3 \" Z3 S) M8 x7 ^1 ILading has been co-loaded with cargo of ( names of other * z0 j7 Z+ M: |: u
NVOCCs)
" {# C5 F/ X8 P0 I9 L Q7 _5 @承运人应通知托运人其货物已与。。。拼装；注明该票提单# h: E( a T) F2 I1 Y" [% E
货已与另一家NVOCC货物拼装。
7 Q* t% E8 k. b' ^+ g1 a(6) Carrier-to-Carrier Co-loading---carrier engages in co-loading * O* C p: |; R# [0 K
under agreements with one or more other NVOCCs 9 {; g/ K7 k" K, M% C) a$ a6 t1 f
承运人跟承运人拼装------承运人可以按合约跟1个或者多个
7 {4 _1 U$ J& ]5 D: s6 P" W3 QNVOCC拼装9 u8 b8 R8 Z/ r( D7 j: K4 J% J+ T
(7) Shipper-to-Carrier Co-loading---when carrier engages in 4 s4 v/ \ O1 E1 w
co-loading on a Shipper-to- carrier basis, carrier is responsible $ e! t {# n! @9 R5 G K
for the payment of all charges assessed by the NVOCC to which
9 ?, f0 {4 Q4 q: o9 Y6 m* V5 }cargo was tendered.
" D& e* a! r) c* _ B/ zShipper is responsible for freight and charges only to the extent ( v1 v$ h& j" n0 }5 H
that such are set forth in this tariff. O1 l. M. p9 i2 ]& J
托运人跟承运人拼装------承运人做‘托运人跟承运人拼装’时，
u( H! X f2 h. l! b9 v& H承运人应负责支付NVOCC所栏货源的海运费和附加费。托运人! N. ?1 c/ t, S" g
仅按其费率规定支付费用" z( k! e, Y$ H6 p7 C/ ?3 ]
) |; I Q! m. r$ P$ v: d' sA． Is the master NVOCC the responsible filing party for all bills of 4 a$ S9 O! d( a- S% R) ?) v
lading in a co-loaded container ?3 b# O' b" _0 ^3 g6 _0 |4 ~4 b
套约拼装箱所有的提单货是否都由主装的那家NVOCC负责报备？- T1 [: I: i# M8 A
答：目前美国海关边防总署给‘ master NVOCC （主装NVOCC） ’
7 a$ n8 f, B8 `) L" Q! [( ~: R下的定义是：负责将箱子交由船舶承运人运输的NVOCC。具有自动+ m9 o$ Y! d U% d% l) J* K, }' G$ y4 S8 h
申报的主装NVOCC负责为不具备自动申报各方货物的报备。而不具: f* Y M4 ]( v
备自动申报条件的主装NVOCC则负责为不具备自动申报的各装家1 m0 W8 ?" J4 X- C; G5 t4 |
向承运人提供书面的货物申报单。
: E* m! }4 B' B: n# I; |, F+ e7 @# T5 }B． If all the NVOCCs in a co-loaded box are ‘automated’, can each ' X6 C. }0 f7 s$ n9 J4 p3 s* [
NVOCC file the information needed from its own bills of lading in AMS ?! z/ D* |7 ?. _# V/ R% U2 q* P
套约拼装箱各家NVOCC都具备自动申报能力，是否每家都可以通过6 g* }- c$ `% X' E) ~2 _
AMS各自报备自己提单货物的信息 ？6 w9 R$ f# l8 a6 l$ h
答：具备自动申报条件的主装NVOCC负责为向其提供书面申报的各家报备。
# _0 n; n2 F; _( |# t+ @具有自动申报能力的NVOCC参与拼装必须通过AMS系统直接向美国
/ `( x3 ]3 u" Q' W海关边防总署报备。不具备自动申报能力的NVOCC应向主装NVOCC+ Y' S' w* i$ K3 o
提供货物申报信息，由其再将信息传送致美国海关边防总署。不具备自
, s; k1 h8 u3 p# i6 Q动申报条件的NVOCC在与一家具备自动申报能力的主装NVOCC拼& h" x+ `0 s) u! x1 j6 m
装时，不许将货物申报信息提供给船舶经营人。
& ~- W- T( y8 `$ L% f, d, dC． If each NVOCC can file, does the vessel carrier need to know how 5 V1 C' K( i: ^5 S* _/ P
many NVOCCs are obliged to file in AMS for a container it is loading
C) h0 }7 c8 }1 S1 Y" d% Iand transporting, and how would it know this ? Will each co-loading
% e) h; B+ k* _' G0 T0 nNVOCC have to list the vessel carrier as the Second Notify Party for its " F1 H! [: }- ^7 B6 O
filing to be acceptable ?. T% ^8 _' ^' Z# @" \
如果每家NVOCC都可以报备，船舶承运人有无必要知道它* P4 [: x0 c& R# \
所承运的拼装箱内到底有多少家是通过AMS报备 ？怎样才
: o- y/ {/ A: l m能够知道 ？是否参与拼装的每家NVOCC都要把船舶承运人 b4 \3 J$ j/ d. H
列为第二通知方报备方可接受 ？
& ]3 C: ~; I# ~. X答：具备自动申报能力的NVOCC应报备所有提单货物信息的全部
- A' K! w+ T4 Z3 }2 o数据并将船舶承运人列为第二通知方。AMS系统不会通知船舶2 \# {2 o) N3 L N: {1 }! W. P) O5 |8 V' Y
承运人拼装箱内到底有多少家NVOCC。即便是船舶承运人需
0 T* C$ z& H9 ?, C: o( O要了解，通过AMS系统也无从获得。很多承运人缮制表格让
: `; H/ A7 ?6 T1 F+ x, f具备自动申报条件的NVOCC填写，表格即可显示拼装箱内
; M" F% I. Z+ [5 ]7 U) |有多少票提单货以及提单号。$ V- x% a, x6 D
D． The commentary states that if a non-automated NVOCC is ( `3 t8 P/ m( v# }8 d
co-loading with an automated ‘master’ NVOCC, the non-automated
; n) a4 S K6 D0 b5 fNVOCC ‘must fully disclose and present the required manifest for
1 Z* {4 A! S* q0 A2 z% [7 \" \their cargo to the automated NVOCC who would be required to
% Z2 v& ?9 p# ^present this information to CBP via vessel AMS.’ If the non-automated ( S: D8 A) e) G; ], H4 W$ U y6 D, M5 ~
co-loading NVOCC does not want to give its bill of lading ' G6 H; u9 K% s3 V8 U8 d8 \
information to the master NVOCC(a potential competitor), but comes 7 ~' w! z. D1 Z0 k
to the vessel carrier to file its cargo declaration information via - H [% ]) Z2 A# ?3 w6 N. H$ g) m u' |
AMS, do the regulations permit this or is the AMS filing only to be
; Q( r* K" N9 t/ ?. vdone by the automated NVOCC ?
+ W, t9 `: y( L9 F5 B2 g1 P# g评论称，如果一家非自动申报的NVOCC跟一家自动申报的主装0 e* s$ J8 M3 r" d' B$ x
NVOCC拼装，前者必须将全部的舱单信息向后者公开，由后者 T, g* U t W* W& b% t
通过船舶的AMS系统向美国海关边防总署报备。如果参加拼装的# D. w% L3 U/ g$ s# e' r3 R
这家非自动申报NVOCC不想让一起拼装的主装NVOCC（潜在竞
3 m% H- q4 Y Z# F* Y争对手）知道提单信息，直接找到了船舶承运人通过他的AMS系
1 d: R% Y# n* v2 o统进行报备，规定是否可以允许这样做 ？还是AMS报备必须要通8 @: R! {* U$ h& L) h( N
过具有自动申报的NVOCC来做 ？
" N5 c- F. | D0 R& h9 A( O5 R答：请参看上述问题B）的回答。
: w0 B% x8 W: _5 s# j3 r9 J. n/ z4 KWhat is lawful co-loading?8 q. q( s& X2 o$ [: |' i/ u' V
什么是合法CO-LOADING?- g: g% B9 b: |9 m9 i
Two types:: Q/ x! _# z) U# o2 G
二种类型：4 }; v0 w: d$ w! x; @9 y& v
Contract NVOCC issues its house bill of lading to Tendering NVOCC (“shipper-to-carrier” relationship).
- U* O" a; a' G/ f: l0 q" j签约NVOCC向交运货物的NVOCC签发提单（“托运人与承运人”关系）
! x( T3 i; ^* u% k) D) G) |Contract NVOCC enters into co-loading agreement with Tendering NVOCC
4 `! j c$ U2 Q# x9 s9 _9 P/ Q(“carrier-to-carrier” relationship).
# e9 Q' \8 ]1 [. ^3 N- F* H签约NVOCC与交运货物的NVOCC签订CO-LOADING协议（“承运人与承运人”关系）
/ n# W6 }! |. l" s2 ~* W- `非法的货物 CO-LOADING
& p7 P% S, {- H: ^1 |Carrier Failure to deal with Contract NVOCC./ X+ {$ e o+ O6 d. p) x H7 W
承运人绕开直接与之签订服务合同的NVOCC接货7 f' K. D+ D: F* I8 {' z2 Z
Shipping order submitted by Tendering (non-contract) NVOCC.
2 B8 @, \0 n$ Y) K. m# p托（运）单由交运货物的NVOCC直接提供给承运人
2 [# t2 e; ]1 D% X; H. r+ ~Freight invoice issued to Tendering NVOCC.4 ?8 T! N* s; K. h, B5 \
承运人直接向交运货物的NVOCC开具运费发票
% w( [5 u* d# F' SFreight paid by Tendering NVOCC." P9 c" K% S+ C' o, @
运费由交运货物的NVOCC直接向承运人支付* x( y; x6 _; D8 H8 u: M
Result: Violation of the Shipping Act.
" w# B- \+ Z6 ~3 K$ y+ H2 S结果：违反航运法! \3 v% }+ z, S0 Y: g' R
Carrier failure to confirm carrier-to-carrier agreement between NVOCCs.
" A7 O0 q; x i9 ?承运人没有确定NVOCC之间的承运人与承运人协议
4 f, a& q2 z: r; g2 ?2 F( uMust see copy of the agreement.
% n) X% I" K( h. D1 N7 F1 D必须看到协议复印件
: B' u% [( S" VSuch agreements are rare.+ k. X' e! T+ \: T. z9 ~
此类协议很少
% U+ j3 E. \: e/ `7 a2 G0 Z. YCarrier may deal directly with Tendering NVOCC.4 V2 l+ ]$ o3 @0 ]" Q
承运人可以直接与交运货物的无船承运人打交道: U4 o( a* n0 @! Z" r
Violation of Shipping Act if done knowingly. Could occur in co-loading situation.
) [6 ~) H. P7 u' I! v明知故犯地违反航运法可能在CO-LOADING情况下发生; \! X( {* T$ L" z& I
NVOCC license may be revoked for: Failure to maintain a bond; or A violation of the Shipping Act.
; q( W3 e: V; `- p由于以下原因无船承运人的营业执照可能被吊销：或没有保持保证金处于有效；或违反航运法行为
! M* i) T* U! q! W4 |$ H# dIPI Inland Points Intermodal。Inland carriage by + ~. I/ ]6 S& @& o
another mode of transportation after discharge 内陆点多式联运
