贸易相关术语大全(二)
Rate-related Terms 运价、费收相关术语
% Y0 k: a2 p! i6 t! G6 I+ T v' ySimplified rate structure 简明的运价结构 , T0 y6 b6 Y! S3 \" z/ e
Clear service charges 清晰的费收标准
; y" `+ _7 v5 Y+ _2 Q6 n9 |8 BTransparent ocean freight 透明的海运运价, w2 `/ Y7 Q/ C7 U( C
Ocean Freight 海运费
# i" y0 e4 m2 _( P, z6 Y# nSea Freight 海运费. V4 ]. y0 X& e; U2 j8 W9 W3 d2 q
Freight Rate 海运价
& D$ B6 z5 @4 p _5 LCharge / Fee （收）费* A7 t# I& X. v* d/ F
Dead Freight 空舱费
- S; f5 i+ p, m- V MDead Space Space in a car, truck, vessel, etc., that is not utilized 亏舱, h/ K! f% x+ q$ V" I b
Surcharge / Additional Charge 附加费+ Z4 U7 u& h3 q5 h, u9 k
Toll 桥/境费, e2 \- [$ v( {2 a! w" r, h: T
Charges that are below a just and reasonable level 低于正当合理的收费
' S( `+ g' u% f3 v; T" eThe level compensatory to actual or constructive costs 与营运加折旧成本相当的水平6 M& G8 y. u! g) d) j" H
Low rates are now in session。 现在处于低运价时期
- t8 K3 i5 f/ ]1 l, C& ]' {+ l8 pRates required to maintain acceptable continuity 能维持正常营运的运价水平
) M! l* Q b8 Q- OQuote/Quotation/Offer 报价- S# y* _! u" f
Market Price Level 市场价水平
: ?* G! f0 x+ l4 E$ m- FSpecial Rate 特价
/ \6 w" z; L0 I/ n4 q$ y( qRock Bottom Price 最低底价
9 a, Z+ k8 P! s5 a& [Best Obtainable Price 市场最好价
9 @# ], F8 k# W8 X( ~6 `$ r( B" SPrice making mechanism 运价制定机制, T i, Z- C( p# ^; ^8 g
Rate making ( procedure ) 运价制定（程序）- [' R! K$ ?( ?1 V) p9 g
Pricing System 制定运价体系/ L" S& O! ]' v6 l, N8 a
PP Freight Prepaid freight and charges are required to be paid & K" L9 M' p! _5 i5 I
by shipper before original B/L is released 预付运费
" z6 W9 u2 f, j( v9 E* r* _0 OCC Freight to Collect 到付运费
! H6 V8 p) p5 I+ W! `" a5 v* z. {Freight Payable At Destination 到付运费 U6 |! M5 t& Y2 g8 f/ Y6 V$ \
Back Freight 退货运费
8 P' z& l# {) P8 R8 @( N8 XFixed Price 固定价格
4 ^, h' I' K6 X9 i0 Y: p" b& u* A% O( RIA Action independent action 独自行动
- m8 L( ^4 F8 D; p0 w# K3 m& DPrice Squeeze 运价挤压
7 m! h1 D* A8 R- MComm. Commission 佣金
& B% h9 t k- e ^% y( Z1 P) y2 _Rebate a return of part of the freight payment 回扣/折扣
9 D7 z e* {# ?5 ^ N; z3 H. ^2 GVolume Incentive 箱扣（箱量回扣）8 ^- L$ Q) D' ?) m: a
OCP Overland Common Point 陆路共通点 S0 C5 T6 M( E
IPI Interior Point Intermodal 内陆点多式联运（服务）
' p9 m# l4 s+ ~) X c! y) lArbitrary Transportation to final destination beyond base port- G9 K. p, |: t: Y/ c/ t" f
by feeder vessel or truck or other methods 内陆中转费
8 e9 d) r; K5 R5 t' YIHC Inland Haulage Charge 内陆托运费3 o8 m( m+ Z+ W% B$ y$ Z6 R
OCP Overland Common Point 内陆点) N" C$ i2 K: u2 P# g+ P
OCP rates which are generally lower than local train rates, were establishe
6 ^) }" }7 j* ~7 e6 @( hby the US west coast steamship companies in conjunction with railroads serving
0 @- \; a* T, f- Z3 H# athe western US, so that cargo originating or destined to the American Midwest% p1 T7 ?1 `+ V2 e/ W: i
and East would be competitive with all-water rates via the US Atlantic and Gulf
1 n3 n3 t5 a! n( D1 `6 Zports. OCP rates are also applicable to eastern Canada.
5 L- `' h- i- N! }Drayage charge made for local hauling by dray or truck 拖运费0 W" [( W# F# ^9 k2 }; r9 S
TVR Time Volume Rate 时间箱量运价
) d" \% L9 x7 f- VTRI Tariff Rate Item 费率本运价品名
7 }" p& D2 `% J# ^; |+ HN.O.S. Not Otherwise Specified (in this tariff) 未作特别规定' Z/ z' t7 q" ?5 |" D
SPS Shanghai Port Surcharge 上海港附加费
6 q3 A# f6 i% O& ZGRI General Rate Increase 运价上调
Y4 e, Y- |- @" e% FSGRI Second General Rate Increase 第二次运价上调 z1 `/ C2 e! f; p
GRD General Rate Decrease 运价下调' w1 E/ \ y- k# z: w3 R- A
TGRD Temporary General Rate Decrease 临时运价下调# _( G A& Y" M$ _3 j& B/ e
PSS Peak Season Surcharge 旺季附加费
: m; j/ k' E6 Q/ HWharfage A charge assessed by a pier against freight handled over the pier 码头附加费) g+ `( d1 y+ F ~) l5 ]9 S
THC Terminal Handling Charge 码头操作附加费2 \8 k/ M3 v1 }3 C/ F7 s' f
ORC Origin Receiving Charge 始发接单费
6 s9 p I4 G. ^' f1 l6 O7 U+ lCUC Chassis Usage Charge 拖车运费
# {, }2 w2 Q+ K3 d& q7 v7 ^IAC Inter-modal Administrative Charge(U.S. Inland Surcharge) 内陆运输附加费" \6 Y9 `2 D0 C4 |1 Z
ERS Equipment Re-positioning Surcharge 集装箱回空费
$ b9 O O: r- p; ZPCS Port Congestion Surcharge 疏港费
" k! ^3 _4 w9 b. CPCF Panama Canal Transit Fee 巴拿马运河费4 F2 M; `4 {- d1 }
SCF(C) Suez Canal Transit Fee (Charge) 苏伊士运河费; ~% Z! j7 p6 n* b& |5 S
TRC Terminal Receiving Charge 码头接运费9 H. t$ R* B) I/ I$ ~7 [/ I1 n
ACC Alameda Corridor User Surcharge All cargo moving through the ports
+ }/ Z2 |% i0 n! x2 Dof Los Angeles or Long Beach that is transported by rail through or out of
! j1 u8 O- }5 h. cSouthern California, shall be subject to a charge as specified in tariff. % j5 S" [; |: I' q
南加州（洛杉机/长滩）铁路转运附加费
& [1 U) q5 ?/ s& p+ J) l; o8 {DDC Destination Delivery Charge （目的地卸货费）
3 ?5 y$ J8 \; V+ w' l/ C6 Y! K4 PA charge assessed by the carrier for handling positioning of a full container
; X1 {$ [, a% ^) _/ W! iOAC Origin Accessory Charge 始发港杂费
5 [$ h+ Q5 N! s2 S- T9 GTWCS U.S. West-coast Congestion Surchage 美西疏港费
& r; u$ m5 N4 w( r5 b2 z% CLABL Less Advance Booking Allowance （提前定舱优惠价）: P3 g }5 `" i) ~
FAK Freight All Kinds （同一费率）- @+ R: n# @6 [9 C! a7 H2 t
Terms for consolidated freight and require 2 or more commodity items. ( Y' e w" k, M# b( i5 F
(Any item described as ‘Freight All Kinds’ shall consist of a minimum 8 q: [6 w6 w- I2 @8 s3 ]3 }
of 2 different commodity items. Further restrictions to the item shall be" [/ j4 S6 q' u0 r
contained in the individual Commodity item. )
9 @; b" A1 f/ t2 y3 cSystem whereby freight is charged per container，irrespective of goods Y! ^9 Y7 A2 i3 J4 V
and according to a tariff。
( ] A& d. ]6 q* iSTC Said to Contain
. s" I. G0 m x; dA standard clause used to protect carrier for cargo stuffed by shipper or , y* v- b) v0 g: }. k# R, |+ q+ k! v
its agents。 详见箱装货物 / 数量
+ i3 q5 d( z Y6 TWRS War Risk Surcharge 战争险附加费( L% s4 I$ u4 m) c' Z5 K% A& [
BAF Bunker Adjustment Factor 燃油附加费$ l N% \5 ?3 j3 f& c" S8 c/ G
BKC （BC） Bunker Charge 燃油附加费 2 i6 s0 D! } j6 Y
EBS Emergency Bunker Surcharge 紧急燃油附加费' Q; i4 m- l8 |( p
EBAF Emergent Bunker Adjustment Facto 紧急燃油附加费: f- |& x9 T# G @8 `! @% C; v
IFA Interim Fuel Adjustment 临时燃油附加费
: {3 k7 A U* u7 E) S' P) H3 `CAF Currency Adjustment Factor 币值调整附加费/ Y& f U1 b# j4 s0 a1 ?! B
YAS （Japanese）Yen Adjustment Surchae 日元币值调整附加费
r- c; `* i* o [ K' }& yRRS Revenue Recovery Surcharge/ S! F( b* R2 W' n
TCS Temperature Controlled Cargo CFS Service 0 U+ w7 {( f0 u+ i4 x
Temperature Controlled Surcharge . O4 ]: b+ D% f- }, I: l# k5 Y
COS Container Overweight Surcharge 集装箱超重附加费4 u" J* q) Q! }- L( I
DHC Destination Handling Charge at US ports/points 目的港/地操作费$ {1 P& G5 ] s# l/ j
HDS Hot Delivery Service 快速卸货服务（日本港）费
# b& m) m0 u6 D( ^DO FEE Documentation Fee （Document Fee） 单证费7 z. O' U/ p; ?# [6 d
AMS Advance Manifest Security Charge
4 l! [# J2 k0 }& y% R% a, c, H9 \MAF Manifest Amendment Fee 舱单改单费( F+ |9 z8 z& k2 y% O a. _* `6 j
C.O.D. Collect (cash) on Delivery 到付
4 Q3 @* m# E6 B+ J4 W3 LDifferential Rate An amount added on or deducted from base rate to make 差额运价' N H* n% j/ B- ?- P' t
a rate to or from some other point or via another route。
( Q+ L- D" W0 z8 LShipment-related Terms 货载相关术语( ^1 ~# [7 |6 G3 L M1 o" e7 I
FOB （Free On Board ） 装运港船上交货5 s; H; @8 @1 P2 C3 a3 x9 Q
CIF （Cost，Insurance and Freight）成本加保险、运费9 ~8 i, C; H( H8 r" i
Liner Terms freight includes the cost of loading onto and discharging from the vessel 班轮条款/ }2 r8 J7 C+ P9 n+ L3 H; f% E3 K
Booking Instructions 订舱要求
. t N' ~- o- T Y, s. nDirect Shipment 直接货载
9 q4 I7 c5 S! d- UCL Container Load 集装箱货+ d3 B$ u$ m g$ O# e" Y
FCL Full Container Load % b6 J) P1 r" G2 _9 |8 m
FCL normally packed by shipper and conveyed to CY 满箱货; t9 L! V/ R; ]9 P
LCL Less Than Container Load 拼箱货
5 o% P* _( H& m( wnormally sent to carrier’s CFS for consolidation by carrier9 c7 m( b$ E' |2 ~# `
Consolidated cargo : cargo containing shipments of 2 or more shippers, 5 q8 j) _0 z- T% h
usually shipped by a firm called consolidator.
* O) Z. L# I. ]! F6 j+ ^The consolidator takes advantage of lower
' w7 {9 l+ u: N) {! BFCL , rates and savings passed on to shippers 拼装货
6 F3 X8 Q- @! k% _( E! ~/ C# ECargo / Goods / Merchandise 货物
8 \( I W2 u& H. r/ \/ l, ~: `3 oCargo Description / Description of Goods 货物品名2 g$ M# }6 l! T- E1 L0 v
Commodity 商品
/ g" z& y/ X% g! H; T3 H% [- l# KCatalogue 产品目录1 U3 `- p( P# P. y+ d& p" o: q
Product 产品5 W$ ]- t) a6 d3 f
By-product 副产品; ^" J* [" E! J) e
Agri-Product / Agri-Produce 农产品' M" ?" y2 [8 W2 Y+ r
Project Cargo 项目货; C* S3 Y2 |; `0 Y* w
Dangerous Used by IMCO for hazardous materials posing a significant3 Q3 H `; A8 s5 B/ P
risk to health，safety or property 危险品" n7 Z2 W1 _* q% h# w9 i
Perishable Cargo subject to decay or deterioration 冷藏货
5 K- [2 Y; R5 B6 E: N+ Z& kUnit Load packages loaded on a pallet or any other way that enables them to be
4 ~7 C! V/ z7 h4 B( j0 lHandled at one time as a unit 单位货载（1大纸箱/1托盘）0 D: W# O, U D, _
FROB 过境货
3 g& ~7 u" F! q, D6 q5 lFor prompt shipment 立即出运) }2 z% N5 h$ \+ E3 p) e& B# L
Cargo Supplier （供）货方# A( J( ?3 q+ E/ K# A$ \6 f
Upcoming Shipment 下一载货, K; J# H7 z* s
Same Assignment 同一批货9 Q7 j4 w8 y, V9 L% r3 M- f) E
Consignment 一票货
, D& A- A) }& O+ u2 H/ D" w) wNomination Cargo 指定（指派）货
- a9 ^! M1 L0 B2 a8 ~0 k/ BIndicated / Nominated Cargo 指装货) z1 a9 e' ~: s! E+ `# Y- ~
Time-sensitive cargo 高时效要求货物
( P' Y) C) u2 ZLess time-sensitive cargo 低时效要求货物
( b% P3 T% @6 VShipments under B/L No。XXX XXX提单货
7 f# g% W( I3 D I8 oDouble-deck load A second tier of cargo placed on top of the fir t tier 两层叠装# H8 O! u. W$ u
Dry Cargo cargo that does not require temperature control 普货（非温控货）
# m. F$ Y( X8 t6 l% {. XAwkward Cargo cargo of irregular size; requires prior approval on a case by case basis 畸形货
; F$ q/ E/ [0 v* j( AGDSM General Department Store Merchandise 百货" w" @8 ]3 K1 q
Cargo Volume 货量4 ?' r& ~: H T, D; c8 v( O
Freight Volume 货量9 o4 t6 [/ x4 c7 D# G3 Q
Reefer Cargo 冷冻货
7 @( Z4 q4 N% U: l5 ~( H l5 rHigh-Value Cargo （goods） 高价货
8 v2 l) P$ e6 Y# z( v) J% N8 mTo tender minimum cargo 提供最低限量货物
" ]( C8 w& _' w, J4 c0 V/ @2 jCargo Description 货名
0 @: C' L8 B+ D& aMiss Description 虚报货名4 a. z5 L e: d6 X" \, `8 c0 A, m
Agreement Rate 协议运价
0 f# j! c+ Y: G! j4 jMarket Report 市场报告9 o }! {1 X& V' z3 e; M
Market Share 市场份额2 Q# \. ^6 Q: z3 S; Q" Z' u
To obtain market value for the containers 集装箱自身的市场价格
. V* r8 g9 o$ C [CKD Completely（car）Knocked Down 汽车散件
& v1 b+ m' o, j" E! s1 B' vSKD Semi Knocked Down 汽车配件/ C5 v, w0 y# t) `' A
D & H dangerous and hazardous 危险品+ e. b5 t5 r% P. O0 r
Revenue ton / Freight ton the greater weight or measurement of goods where１ton
/ t5 A2 H# U W! ]" Bis either 1000 kilos or 1 cubic meter。Also known as B/L ton。
! ~9 Z' Z1 s! g7 f* C3 MIt is used to calculate freight charge。 运费吨! i9 J( c# ~' \! R% T
Weight ton 重量吨
8 Y2 G1 {! K5 f% y# l# z- }Measurement ton 容积吨' L6 S9 G; ]- n& T6 U4 O& I) e
Document-related Terms 单证相关术语
- Q7 _; R" n3 t' p6 ?S/O Shipping Order ! q( `6 H" V4 T9 E
Usually for the same set of Shipping Orders, there are a
7 e- G! u' I( bnumber of copies with the same form and contents but
# }3 y+ b, c' r9 O$ swith different names such as the 1st copy is called Shipping
3 k- Q2 s& d3 P Y+ h. eOrder and remainders are called Shipping Order Copy or
6 B# ]" C7 K% d8 f7 n6 z1 GDock Receipt for different purposes such as space control,
2 a* j2 B; ^: W$ D( Qsurveyor and sworn measure, documentation.
8 g: J: l8 |( o' [As EDI is more popular nowadays and used by both the ; m1 j4 v7 @* t C S L3 _
Shipper and Customs, hardcopy Shipping Order is no longer$ l8 f8 |. \% F6 L) c5 U) }' |; [
Widely used. 托（运）单
2 `4 r0 d8 `* `; f& k, BB/L Bill of Lading 提单; ~' v! A5 J" k- V) {! V3 A2 c
B/L Copy 提单副本
3 F8 [+ B# r7 t( b8 \: @8 A- t, @OBL Ocean Bill of Lading 海运提单+ @' ~3 G0 A7 h' F
HBL House Bill of Lading 无船承运人提单
1 a8 ?$ f! p& u7 ~6 d7 Z9 f3 J' }TBL Through Bill of Lading 全程提单
4 @: X* ^/ x) a9 R5 ?# eAdvanced BL Advanced Bill of lading 预借提单
, j( ]3 B, x; _9 Y5 @1 A1 K4 wAnti-Dated BL Anti-dated Bill of Lading 倒签提单# E4 M, C& g5 ~9 Y$ U, G
Blank BL Blank Bill of Lading 空白提单. X1 B+ G8 F: |1 r9 w/ z3 u
‘To Order’B/L 指示提单: x F( B% e5 f0 F! ]
Combined Bill 并单（提单）) D& W4 c& C7 x' w/ G
Separate Bill 拆单（提单）
/ C8 G R: O( h" t, RWay Bill A document prepared by a shipping line at the point of
! F- Q/ Z2 {% U8 w9 \+ Pshipment, showing the point of origin, destination, route,
I5 A I( {0 Q1 Wconsignor, consignee, description of shipment and amount
. m# s I5 m' j% V6 Ccharged for the transportation service. A waybill is forwarded; E( k% s1 a, `
with the shipment or sent by mail to the agent at the transfer2 k1 X, y9 f& l1 g& w1 @. Q
point or waybill destination. Unlike a B/L, a waybill is not a
- X! v; O- Q3 P. V& H; _document of title. 运单
/ N$ |0 C; f( R# R4 I2 UStraight B/L A non-negotiable B/L。the Pomerene Act governs its4 |/ _* Y9 J/ u2 F3 o8 t: i' ]0 W
operation in the US。 记名提单3 |& M" h( ~6 r" K7 _$ q
On Board B/L A B/L in which a carrier acknowledges that goods have
2 H$ I2 K% ?4 @1 z5 |5 N' jbeen placed on board a certain vessel。Used to satisfy
/ {5 `( ] G ~+ d+ n: d$ Tthe requirements of a L/C On Board提单0 J) Q9 k2 A4 \' _" F3 s
Shipped B/L A B/L issued only after the goods have actually been shipped
' Y: \. Q8 D' FOn board the vessel，as distinguished from the received for
0 Q: c3 B) [; W& ^Shipments B/L 已出运的货物提单- g0 C; b! m) @$ ~; L: w
（On Board B/L； Shipped B/L 已装船提单）% U! n: b3 z% B- Y: i8 r
Received for Shipment B/L 备运提单" _' g' J/ I7 t7 V _
Transhipment B/L 转船提单8 |9 {7 ^; @) v
Through B/L 联运提单
- L, T+ p/ h# H& cShipper（Consignee）Box 发（收）货人栏（格）
$ _. V) z8 _0 n8 l" h+ ~- NArrival Notice 到货通知书6 q; {1 T" O* O
An advice that the carrier sends to the consignee advising of goods
4 p' {3 n, ?4 i0 Rcoming forward for delivery. Pertinent information such as BL No.,
9 c3 \* C2 X [2 U& _% Acontainer No. and total charge due from consignee, etc, are included$ ?- x2 O w" L/ @# A( U% @9 M' r9 n5 O3 W
and sent to consignee prior to vessel arrival. This is done gratuitously8 f B8 K2 b+ F8 Q4 q2 X' A. q
by the carrier to ensure smooth delivery but there is no obligation by' e; @. Z7 q+ T
the carrier to do so. The responsibility to monitor the transit and M) o# i+ i4 v" W
present himself to take timely delivery still rests with the consignee.! {* i, F" {( r* {# L2 g8 b0 S
M/F Manifest document that lists in detail all the Bs/L issued by a vessel& f Z% A) B$ M
or its agent or master，ie，a detailed summary of the total cargo 舱单
4 y9 t# ^4 ^3 X* ?( hBatch Filing 批量报备% s1 a$ w Y D9 R
Manifest Discrepancy 舱单数据不符2 c: E) @4 w0 C9 _2 H- E
Acknowledgement of Manifest Receipt 收到舱单回执
8 n$ T4 T. Z1 h" H; jPacking List 装箱单
/ R2 a# A+ u" W( v6 pCargo Receipt 承运货物收据
" B) Z1 a' k6 F% AD/R Dock Receipt 场站收据7 s, S$ f- U9 ~0 ~! O
D/O Delivery Order 交货单（小提单）
7 t! c. o" h: C9 L( M7 W9 _+ Y3 }$ AA document authorizing delivery to a nominated party of goods in
" s; V$ P# E: a% j/ ~0 O1 fthe care of a 3rd party。Can be issued by a carrier on surrender : _% i `9 r% U; [2 g) b! s: F
of a bill of lading and then used by the merchant to transfer title , \$ `' l0 ^$ T+ V" X# Y! z5 q
by endorsement。
, ]# {/ p- ?6 ?9 E! e8 TShipping Permit issued by a shipping company，authorizing the receiving 船公司托（带）运证明/ T: c& c4 \' O+ ~. R. U
clerk at pier/warehouse/on board to receive a stipulated amount
0 `. M2 q) t* ?5 j6 O- z+ Rof goods or materials from a specified firm/client。" A) V1 ^1 ?* j' ?) ~
Shipper’s Export Declaration 货主出口申报单 Q: c9 m/ t% z8 C: p
A customs house form, filled by the shipper of goods to other countries.1 f! B( o3 }8 q$ K# D
Also called shipper’s manifest. It mentions the marks, numbers,
8 r0 P: g2 \$ x9 y% Rquantity, description and value of the goods at time and place of export. 5 c' ~- L% G7 @$ ?9 C
There is a different definition in USA as ‘The shipper’s export
6 e% e" z( ]) ?1 o1 V7 r2 wdeclaration (SEDs) forms 7525-V and 7525-V-Alternate(Intermodal)
5 F+ S' N- ?; v" U" B& band the shipper’s export declaration for In-Transit Goods, Form 7513,
4 g4 f- j4 F5 |% `* A4 zare JOINT-BUREAU OF THE CENSUS-INTERNATIONAL TRADE
) H5 n8 a: v \; e/ xADMINISTRATION DOCUMENTS used for compiling the official + V9 n. [5 z8 T2 Q! N8 v( z
U.S. export statistics and administering the requirements of the Export! h; B- X. L3 l* n+ G
Administrative Act.
3 ^4 ~% \. O+ E1 rShipping Advice 装运通知（似舱单 NVOCC用） . T3 S& C( } T" h' }# @8 H5 u
Manifest information 舱单信息2 n1 P3 X5 [; K& n
FCN Freight Correction Notice 舱单更改单（通知）
$ B9 M& X$ A4 ?2 }( o" FSurrender O B/L copies for consignment 交回提单副本6 K8 N$ ]; b1 R2 d. P4 @
Release Note receipt signed by customer acknowledging delivery of goods 货物收讫单4 `( Z1 T) L* k
, E, @ k N: ?5 n
! y# R8 V+ j0 r" q6 ?- F0 g% s' X; U9 _
' _ }4 h( J: j% d: I& F! T1 G
Inspection-related Terms 检验相关术语
' {1 S2 b/ S; G4 q- C# S6 eCustoms Inspection 海关查验( |, a' \9 g: \6 Z7 ]/ J1 ^
Commodity Inspection 商品检验' r: X4 K k! F; ?
Tally 理货; |; w3 q$ y# W
Tally Report 理货报告# ]1 y7 F5 a* a0 A
Check 查验/检查/核对- E" q2 j/ W/ W3 l% f
Fumigation treatment with a pesticide active ingredient that is a
: ^( T/ g$ o9 B/ \( @! \gas under treatment conditions 熏蒸
! O3 C0 m2 | I# QAnimal / Plant Inspection 动植物检验
0 C4 ^8 v; r; m2 H+ B$ QINSP Inspection / Inspector 检验/检验员" {* y* Q, ^) Q- M9 ~+ j
Certificate of Origin ( normally issued or signed by a Chamber of $ D+ D% N0 ~( n9 b- i" ^) K
Commerce or Embassy ) （始发地）原产地证书
7 T& E9 j: j) k* Q1 N1 ~Arbitration 仲裁+ `$ H2 i# o2 u3 u" E- I9 T
FAE Fresh Air Exchange 空气交换6 B# t1 s4 n' C$ a% Q
The fresh air exchange system on a reefer removes harmful gases
+ A; [9 @! o8 E5 v7 ffrom perishable commodities. The fresh air vent is adjustable to 7 }: E! A# y% O7 Y) X: S' g& D
accommodate a variety of cargo
) \" V9 H8 L! I; \Force Majeure 不可抗力
9 ]- s+ {0 [+ `! U1 a5 ~5 XM/F FILING Manifest Fling 舱单申报
5 B' W6 P2 ~+ r0 LACS Automated Commercial System 自动商务系统; \: j0 d9 y7 o' X& ?
A system of software programs between Customs and brokers " ?1 t+ K) T8 d8 r
to communicate. These programs are design with the ultimate $ z3 o( i: ]. |( S+ ~
goal of paperless transaction between Customs and brokers
6 O. s: w. b7 ?! ^3 }ABI Automated Broker Interface ( part of ACS ) 自动的报关行接口
7 s% {: m4 E5 G. u/ LWhich permits transmission of data pertaining to merchandise 9 I( e6 U) U) x* F1 X
being imported into the United States.
. A) \( {8 A1 s( ^4 d- m(Qualified participants include brokers, importers, carriers, port
; ^" B, z( u) \$ W# s# @& A/ _5 |authorities, and independent data processing companies referred / K: n: ^) z' w9 l
to as service centers.): I* W& t% Z& `" w+ @2 [4 s
ACH Automated Clearing House ( part of ACS ) 自动清关# H. H4 I5 c6 L6 [7 ^# Q" W+ I
Which allows electronic funds transfer for payment of estimated 7 \, u: y0 u! L5 j" L9 V/ }- b: {) H
duties, taxes, and fees on imported merchandise. Z$ K, D1 a6 |' h+ E5 K( o9 J. X
AMS Automated Manifest System ( for anti-terrorism ) 自动舱单（反恐）申报系统
p8 S& }$ M) X" Y5 I' t5 fAn application that expedites the clearance of cargo for the8 ?. E" Y/ t7 w
subsequent release of containers when imported to the U.S.
6 m' E* r4 m5 _. G8 d) lthrough electronic submission of cargo manifests in lieu of
/ i ^: S% A1 @ t* K/ f9 Fbulk paper manifests.' w& B1 @# d; K$ y% M' e8 ~
CSI Container Security Initiative 集装箱安全防范措施$ l. F8 Q z+ D- A6 g1 l7 n8 D I
To address the threat terrorists pose to containerized - T8 s3 G" ?# [
shipping, Customs developed CSI.
- [! Y' x) W1 S2 s( J. h$ A为应对恐怖主义对集装箱运输。。推出
: h: ?. i+ F& B; X E0 |6 ]3 iCSS Cargo Selectivity System 货物抽验+ H) ~' ]" Z+ L- p: g+ H* K- }
It is how Customs selects freight or documentation to be 0 i, d7 c f4 `! J" h
examined. Examinations are chosen by the risk of importer
( |2 z: a8 [7 g5 @+ S( X4 hand manufacturer or activities with certain tariff numbers.
7 u: K( `6 L: v0 `6 CCTPAT Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism 海关贸易合作反恐条例
- x- m0 x6 ^: o* ]" ?SCAC Standard Carrier Alpha Code 承运人标准数字编码
0 v7 w7 {) H( kCHB Customs House Broker 报关行
5 A5 ^4 ~2 x: r4 u# _7 W/ fA company or individual licensed by US Customs to do
$ g1 H) U% \3 A) n ]business as an agent with US Customs House.3 H4 r# P8 O( d7 W# s" q8 {7 ^( }
SED (EX-DEC) Shipper’s Export Declaration 货主出口报关单
; P9 a8 Y% x% N+ Y o) r% JA form required by Census Bureau for export statistical
! g+ W# m4 A! c# [9 s3 m( @( E0 gpurposes, which consists mainly of SHIPPER NAME,
4 H7 A8 [+ W; w% q9 S! C: Q/ O0 g iIRS No., CONSIGNEE NAME, HTS, VALUE and
1 e$ P/ D6 T7 R. z7 \7 r! ZShipping details plus Freight terms.
2 y5 P. I1 N8 p- cSLI Shipper Letter of Instruction 货主出口报关指示函
6 A. R8 p; O" M NA carbon form that serves as Ex-Dec and/or B/L , R3 B6 b o0 w; z$ u
instructions.) M5 x3 e1 ]5 C" [/ d0 u
HTS Harmonized Tariff Schedule 国际货物编码3 q& s/ l+ r: m% v/ N" q
The international coding system for commodities.- c( `* u0 c! R$ f
BONDED WAREHOUSE 保税库7 L' m+ G5 |* R9 |. K! i
Warehouses approved by Customs for storage and/or 1 a- w4 V" N- S$ p& |) W
manufacture of goods. Duties assessed and due when 1 \) K( S, e+ p7 O5 h Q" R) E
goods enter the U.S.(China) for consumption. No duties
( F+ R0 k6 `/ } v8 N2 Mdue if re-exported.
. ]+ `) p. W5 j8 ]! oBONDED AREA 保税区
; P0 a2 D1 k7 E. ~' C6 i/ iBONDED GOODS 保税货物
& `7 e7 `( @7 {& |* m% m' qQUOTAs Quantity of one HTS item allowed to be imported at either - z5 p! \' L+ I0 q; c5 j
higher or lower rate of duties. 进口配额. L1 L2 ?: Y+ T2 U" W
DDP Delivery Duty Paid 完税
1 W# L, O; p% B$ `# Z) fDDU Delivery Duty Unpaid 未完税
" K' r) k, l/ \: D ?DRAWBACK Duties payment refunded because freight is re-exported k9 }/ l. J) A/ Q* P& T: p
or for similar circumstances 退税金额
& ~2 k! Q. x1 q6 e/ @Customs fine 海关罚款
- y' i* I" u+ o9 SCustoms seals 海关关封. @7 A; R" ^' V$ ~5 b" ]
Application for inspection 检验申请. K0 Y3 |9 V/ B
To expedite the clearance 加快清关
/ ? W; q; ~' x! u9 _9 @& EPilferage 盗窃/偷窃
* s7 Y( w1 Q! l# X" PWar risk Insurance coverage for loss of goods resulting from any act of war 战争险
* ? c* |6 ~0 Q4 nTo be liable for a penalty of 受到。。。处罚% \9 X! R# C3 Q: _& _" S$ ^
To increase predictability 增强了可预测性
6 P, W; M/ O7 f; I( INon-fraudulent violation of the regulation 非故意违反规定
9 c- O+ h* l+ w6 m2 [To file certifications with Customs 向海关申报有效证明
8 |+ g1 _0 p% v$ T2 @To follow the current procedure 遵循现行程序
$ ~5 ?/ w) U% l J x- b; l# X' jTo abide by 。。。rule 遵照。。。规定3 \" J. W6 E* H- A! I! V
To provide specific language 提供一定说法
7 h. ~1 _: B6 H; |" A! ^+ PTo be not authorized 不予认可* c+ q* q) p6 f, |/ z v
Container-related Terms 集装箱相关术语8 I: w: n, s# J9 I0 @! H
fleet of containers 集装箱箱队
8 A0 Q4 r& V% @1 p* w& J, {, s8 NE/C Equipment control 箱管7 W6 n* S: _2 P' H. E+ f
TEU Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit is the value of 1 twenty-foot container. ( 20’GP) 20尺标箱" |6 \" F1 f4 V+ ^: d) y3 t. h# p
FEU Forty-Foot Equivalent Unit. 1 Forty-Foot equivalent equals （40’GP）9 D2 b6 ?: C; o$ v- n: P2 r
2 Twenty-Foot containers. 40尺标箱
; r+ z6 B. N1 `+ Y; Z; h) YCorner Fitting 角件( r6 l8 u4 \9 _: Y0 Z
Corner Post 角柱
4 [8 n# E1 T( s4 b6 A9 ?End Wall/Side Wall 端墙/侧墙( D- o/ r+ }# t( D
Bull Ring（D Ring）cargo-securing devices mounted in the floor of containers 箱内稳货环
9 M8 Q, |# E3 T, Y: bContainer No。 箱号
- `5 y) E& H) X6 N0 R9 ?- }Seal metal strip or lead fastener used for locking freight car 箱封. Q9 W3 k% U2 M" g# R' w/ A
Seal record a record of the number，condition and marks of identification) A+ h4 c2 D8 Y
on seals made at various times and places，referring to the
! W) T, H, v$ H, k' o" Hmovement of the container between origin and destination 箱封检查记录" c9 ?4 G* d" k+ t" x6 W' Q# x
Collection and Distribution Transport 拼箱分拨运输
2 n( }; I6 B3 Z; Y; I: uSL&C Shipper’s Load and Count 货主装箱、点数
- m" R8 g3 t# @, zSP & S Shipper’s Pack and Seal 货主装箱、加封+ |8 ^$ A( C& s" e% ?5 m) i! u8 f
SOC Shipper’s Own Container （SHIPPER OWNED CTN） 货主自有箱
8 Z( r7 d# G/ @ [3 o. o) YThe maintenance of a sufficient quantity of containers may be0 {, A, d5 Z% i
expensive, but may prove to be worthwhile in the long run,
0 V0 G U) k( s- x. r6 J' {/ Sdepending on the trade volume. In cases, shippers may purchase
, `- C# |+ `8 A) L, Qfrom the market the used container to send the cargo with, just
+ K" X' q: V) Y2 c' l3 d* Ofor once and keep the container for a makeshift warehouse
, f! M. a9 w) e/ o* x7 U0 bafter its delivery or for some other use at destination
4 n" H# _% ]8 s1 h8 H% MCOC Carrier’s Own Container（CARRIER OWNED CTN） 船东自有箱
9 B. C U' v+ v( y# |5 ~From others’ point of view, containers for a specific carrier’s use are all; H" z" p- Y, K' m3 `: X }5 S$ G
called COC. Therefore, the carrier’s leased in containers are also his COC.6 b+ E4 |$ D- o' |- W% q
Equipment change 换箱 F5 A/ _. R2 }( q7 D
GP General Product ( Dry Cargo ) Container 干货箱8 \* N+ l( [. k( J. I: q
DC Dry Cargo Container 干货箱# M! q |% u/ A( Q/ }
Garmentainer 挂衣箱# w# V% L0 Z9 g, f, i6 `. s/ l
GOH Garment on Hanger 挂衣箱) l8 V, B$ p. I+ i* s: R& g
HC/HQ HI-CUBE （HIGH CUBE）Container Any container which! O* j9 T( x. U) J/ ], a( o5 x
exceeds 8 feet 6 inches in height， usually 9’6’’ 高箱( f7 {& [' l% k( x$ S
40 TH 40’ TIE High Cube 40尺高箱. Q/ T! D. P- R* |
40 GH 40’ Garment High Cube 40尺挂衣高箱
4 ]* f) Z5 H0 O2 L* D) f40’/45’ HI-CUBE CONTAINER SURCHARGE 40’/45’高箱费
, ^/ }% ?7 {3 V. l `All-in Rate/40’ x 1.125 ( for 40’ HC ) 海运费计收
- r1 j7 M* ~! ^9 e" @! `+ fAll-in Rate/40’ x 1.266 (for 45’ HC )* R4 o3 ` E( S# L! \5 q; @" r
FR Flat Rack Container 框架箱* J `: J, [& }7 H
OT Open Top 开顶箱% M- M/ H0 e4 p3 L9 ^8 \
PF （Platform Container） 平板箱0 }- b6 h# A5 r2 i! |1 y, H
RF Refrigerated Container 冷藏箱4 {( d i' u5 q" i! W
COLLAPSIBLE CONTAINER（FR 框架） 折叠式集装箱
& b( S3 Z) o( n/ `- kDG Container Dangerous Goods Container 危险品箱 g5 t3 s" J9 w+ {# u, q5 B
Controlled Atmosphere an atmosphere in which oxygen, carbon dioxide and' U" L* S) T* D: W; ?4 |( _/ @
nitrogen concentrations are regulated, as well as ( z7 o" }% O* h2 y
temperature and humidity. 箱体内气体、温度、湿度调控4 L2 n* D5 [& N& [& i
Empties Empty containers are provided by ship operators# c1 Z# Q9 y: y0 n3 j+ E
to cargo owners at container depots. Appropriate
) ]* o% p6 r0 @3 J vcharges are made for the lease of their ownership. 空箱
. U5 e4 c4 j6 j8 J7 ^Genset a portable power generator, which convert fuel into
( V6 h j. K' H# Q; NElectrical power by mechanical means, and from which7 `5 J7 @: l5 |3 D& O" D# \- M
A reefer draws power. （手提式/轻便） 冷箱发电机
' U% p* U: g% Z1 tPower Pack 供冷箱用的小型发电机（可租用）' Z5 l+ w' W: S% Q
Container Cleaning 洗箱' x6 e8 X; Z* [' g
VEN Ventilated 通风
" j' S, {% S6 _: x. |; f$ `8 cFRZ Frozen 冰冻5 \: ?- R0 J: |; v, q1 C( x
HTD Heated 加热
9 u; Y3 T; e/ F8 f& vI.D. Inside Dimension 箱内尺码7 o8 E7 c8 H# Z2 K
Inside Measurement 箱内尺码: x" L6 l+ s/ h5 e( g- C
TW ( TARE WEIGHT ) The weight of an empty container 箱子皮重
1 m6 `/ o2 b" ]Container Leasing Co。 租箱公司* X" `1 }4 {& w" w% Z. n
Equipment Exchange (Interchange) Receipt 设备交接单- s; q' Z) d% p$ G
Repositioning 集装箱回空, c" n F; X1 g( T. r" U! F
Inventory Report 盘存报告
0 i0 q: p1 V: Q" y& C5 H) C2 j/ `Sold Report 卖箱报告
! `8 Y/ F; C( j2 a# JWear and Tear 正常损耗
! @/ \/ |2 Z* Y) kBend/Bow/Dent/Cracked 弯曲/压弯/凹进/裂痕
. e a( f# s5 w+ rOne Way Free Use 单向免费使用3 H, G; O/ x4 m0 L0 ?' M+ O/ W5 t* z
Container Leasing long-term / short-term lease 集装箱租赁 长期 / 短期$ m$ c2 ]# [* I7 z2 E! }
Leasing Company 租箱公司- m3 d& [. ]% `/ u! C/ S
Repairing Company 修箱公司9 |/ s9 n0 q/ t
Lift On/Off （吊）上车/下车费用: F( ~/ ]5 K; B$ ]1 ]4 N1 {
Drayage 短驳拖运
( Z8 ]3 z6 I/ V3 O" n- r+ nMaster lease 总租赁9 e# B) }0 r$ T( S6 s
Trip lease/Return trip lease 航次/回程租赁
( F/ n: U. [4 j& \4 dRound trip lease 往返租赁3 e. E* e4 Q# i. y$ ^
Off-Hire Containers 退租箱6 g: z7 _0 z/ j
PTI （Pre-Trip Inspection） 冷藏箱预检费& y, [% j% o3 G9 X8 `
Payload 有效载重量/净载重量
9 q$ c5 Z- ~3 ~" t5 ~, K9 w- M- FCable sealing devices 绳缆式箱封设备" ^' c! K2 `; q) s; ]7 Y8 e' |
Europallet （ 800mm X 1200mm ） 欧（洲）式托盘, e! Q7 i' B; a* w0 [6 s& @8 _
Standard pallet （1000mm X 1200mm ） 标准托盘
5 {2 {! w' L$ {) G$ p2 t5 pA 20’can hold 11 Europallets in 1 tier or 9-10 standard pallets1 M& M+ H! p/ g3 c% [
A 40’can hold 23-24 Europallets in 1 tier or 20-21 standard ones6 W/ }2 b/ T; x: [7 w
Wooden pallets must be strong enough to allow storage of 3 tiers when loaded.
% m [" W, q: j+ u; }Carton boxes must not overhang the edges of the pallets.
( i4 E3 z, Q0 ~# b3 ZBoxes which utilize less than 90% of the pallets surface and do not align with the! L, F4 w- h: q' d e
pallet edge can shift in transit.
/ I8 E0 j" X# l' a0 v1 J4 O9 f" S Y* JOne-Way Lease that covers the outbound voyage only，after which the& b6 L+ j# s$ H" w9 N
container is returned to the lease holder at or near destination 单程租箱) }0 L6 ~) M8 j
Dunnage Lumber or other material used to brace material in carrier’s equipment 垫料; _; {0 x" l, o$ a7 Y
Slip Sheet 活动隔板& }/ R( _. Q |. Y4 Q6 M! Y
Normal / Chemical wash 清洗/化学清洗( f J/ V8 P- b8 F
Detention Charges raised for detaining container at Customer’s% V3 g/ P3 f6 D
premises for longer period than provided in Tariff 空箱滞箱费
3 |- O1 H: N$ f) R0 K2 _8 B! E: f, aDemurrage 重箱滞箱费
0 ]! R4 k2 _7 N$ RL/C Terms 信用证术语5 j) V0 c* X* I3 }
L/C Letter of Credit 信用证
8 t ?! I/ J8 P0 l9 |. F9 Y6 X: QL/C is a reliable and safe method of payment, facilitating trade with
6 l5 r) w3 Y. X9 w" ?unknown buyers and giving protection to both sellers and buyers.
( P/ a& n6 N* q2 T% U3 r6 v# i为跟不了解的买方做贸易，采用信用证结汇十分方便，可以保护
+ c( H' r( R* \" L2 J+ a r( V买卖双方利益 }# b1 Q, }+ \+ s: G
1. The issuance of a L/C starts with the buyer who instructs his 7 i- y* V7 `* {! {. u# S
bank to open a credit ( issue an L/C ) in favor of the seller for
5 R$ M; p# B3 M5 z6 h( Lthe amount of the purchase.8 a$ k8 i7 n. c' m" i
先由买方指示其银行开信用证，收款方开卖方
+ k$ A" V3 E1 o6 a7 c, A7 i7 x5 V3 g2. The buyer’s bank ( opening bank ) sends the L/C to its
4 O$ J. F6 B7 I' Vcorrespondent in the seller’s country, giving instructions 0 Z+ b5 h o3 m" m) L$ f7 U% U% A
about the amount of the credit, the beneficiary, the currency,
% W( U: R9 u, Mthe documents required and other special instructions.
/ ~2 w$ ?. N) R5 v买方银行（开证行）将信用证开到其在卖方国家相应的议付行，
( y9 |2 [5 E1 H; j; f指示信用证金额，受益方，币种，所需的单据文件以及其它3 V7 r e% |2 W1 B8 s8 }, m- L
特殊要求
1 W" Y0 g" a8 S$ S3. Upon receipt of the L/C, the correspondent advises the seller 0 Q3 e5 r2 }( O' l9 C0 d: F. B
of the same immediately.3 F6 h9 R5 K( h1 h3 U
议付行收悉信用证后应随即如实通知卖方% R) Q/ C3 B& E& b V
4. The seller deals with the correspondent bank and prepares for 1 M& x$ w1 [9 c1 T! A
the shipment of the buyer’s order.
$ Y I/ `% Z" |( R卖方与议付行接洽后即准备出运买方的定单货载
0 |& m+ q* p, f6 M- c& ^7 Z" K- E5. After shipment, the seller presents the relative shipment U5 z* Q7 E+ q+ L/ d5 s! p
documents to the bank, which should be clearly marked with
6 ~# i q N6 g" n+ ]‘On board MV xxx’ together with a bill of exchange (汇票) drawn , r! N. p. u. s! k, U# T$ e4 O
on the opening bank.5 A# ~$ e$ h; M. f" L; j
货载出运后，卖方将相关的盖有‘On Board MVxxx’字样的 o6 k- L `( |# S2 B' a$ L) B
货载单证连同带有开证行抬头的汇票一并交议付行8 A4 s8 Y% ~( @$ K- ]
6. The correspondent bank pays the money to the seller when 3 U& J# e$ C) Z
documents presented are found to be in order.
* g' A% {5 ?; ?& l! C" P" U z议付行经验证卖方单据完整无误后即向卖方结汇
/ B: L' W/ m; o' |7. The correspondent bank then sends all the shipping documents to
1 L4 V# K7 v9 I' S# ?8 |8 ^the buyer’s bank, which, in turn, passes them to the buyer, who
" D- |# ^- g' jfinally reimburses the correspondent bank through the buyer’s bank./ V$ t, d1 Y, C3 {/ \2 @
议付行然后将所有的货载单据转给买方银行，买方银行再转交给
! z4 H K, J4 I买方；买方最终通过买方银行向议付行支付
0 F/ q {* G. @9 O0 ~to meet the applicable L/C requirements 以满足信用证要求
. R1 K+ |6 x3 E( oL/G Letter of Guarantee 银行保函: ^ G' u; I- j% l3 a5 O/ G) A
L/I Letter of Indemnity 赔偿保证书% Q1 E1 i, }% a) D8 P
Opening （Issuing）Bank at importers place 开（信用）证行/ p9 F- C+ P% W! J# F
Advising （Notifying）Bank at exporters place 通知行- V/ ^9 t. j3 i% \, Z
Paying （Drawee）Bank at exporters place 付款行
/ l7 o) @9 g: G- ~) PNegotiating Bank A bank named in the credit；examines the documents
1 h+ X+ W- |6 q( Z- J) f( nand certifies to the issuing bank that the terms are
% A! r% g9 x& L; p8 }complied with。 议付行0 x- h2 l, R- l; I/ b
5 R7 `6 [% I# b. G 4 c+ k! D7 O1 q' o# Q% e8 M. _1 N; g
# \& O _% m+ b, k5 h! ~- r3 L
Survey,Claim,Insurance-Related Terms 检验，索赔，保险相关术语
) ~' s% n# n2 H3 H' BInvoicing 开发票- S+ x* c- r6 y- A
T/T Telegraphic Transfer 电汇
! q* \3 M# S; O8 l8 ?5 Q" Y# v5 hA/C Account 帐户. h6 i6 Q1 \0 |% J. U# \
Appreciate 升值
! U* U* O$ n8 x- U7 N; UDepreciate 贬值% G* o8 h; h7 z- t. R2 o' `9 K4 F
Ditto/Do 同上
- ]5 n1 A9 C. F& {& K4 fCredit Note 贷方通知单
! T7 n; E8 ~, i1 k$ ]8 i5 f/ x; FDebit Note 借方通知单
- u+ b/ a2 i: U; n& X. N8 CFinancial Responsibilities 财务责任7 O8 b# e) A2 q4 r9 p" v3 K) V K4 a
Capital Budget 资金预算) V) I3 ~) w* E
Cash Flow 流动资金
& @8 ?6 @. s S, w+ Q. o2 k" dBalance Sheet 资产负债表$ ]8 M! _" K7 O0 |; Q! l
Statement of Account 对帐单/ x; i: g N' x. }
Amount Receivable 应收款
7 `! @9 @1 J% k& K; P$ q, OAccount Payable 应付款 Z. M; C* v1 _' f! g
Accounting Dept。 财务处/会计科& u ?! L1 j" q, g8 D
CUR Currency 货币
7 U0 i. W8 ]- |+ u) t- z2 dPRO FORMA INVOICE An invoice composed in lieu of original invoice (代发票)
" r8 N. a: D/ `4 `2 wConsular Invoice 领事发票" x- c% C( q- X3 T
Documentary Credit 单证信誉0 c3 \& G' ?$ J: }4 W# Y
ALL RISKS （War，Strike，Riot，Mob not included） 全险（综合险）
1 Z$ y# I# D8 y6 w V" A$ dPOLICY 保单
- \" q4 g2 s' LInsurance Premium 保费
2 {; w" a6 c+ d) T, g1 s' j, b# H2 KWe usually effect insurance for 110% of invoice value. （货运险）按发票金额的110%投保
- L# r- \' h% K. A T/ }The insurance value is calculated as : 投保金额计算方法( c# H% R7 x# M1 m0 C
Costs of goods + amount of freight + insurance premium +
4 E6 w" f6 C+ H% l, K, z! Za percentage of profit on the sale of goods: H& ]/ i. G0 J3 Z
the extra premium 其它险种保费* T% E7 I& ^" ~! c) c. a/ w; R: U
VOYAGE POLICY 航次保单6 v) K9 h2 S# K9 U7 q3 j
THE HAGUE RULES 海牙规则, D/ d# \' c+ ~, I9 u' E/ u$ ~
Less risk of damage 受损风险小! p3 j" n: ], A$ ?2 Z- _
Case 案例2 K/ r/ T' @8 a
Complaint 投诉
; e9 P& d7 J) ]2 K) W( xJustified / unjustified complaint 合理/不合理投诉$ l% Z3 N# J; @7 X
Dispute 争议+ |& i2 Y6 E$ |
Surveyor 检验师9 x) i" C: r9 j
Cargo Surveyor 商检员/师
$ ]6 O# }' S) k ~Surveyors Report 检验报告
8 X5 L% R5 D5 V- w" e/ {! HBe （not）liable for the damage （不）对货损负责& @! N3 w0 C" |+ Q$ G% O+ o
The damage was obviously attributed to defective packing。 显然是因包装而造成货损1 b& I3 ^! Q1 `% X5 @
Endorse 背书( H; Q/ n9 k1 R
Liquidated Damage 违约赔偿金1 p( a" Y2 @; b0 Y
Claim 索赔8 A* X ?/ J! _3 \4 n! t0 d: U
Claimant 提赔方（人）
6 ?) ]& m5 W f7 V( G3 `9 {Irrespective of the result 不论结果如何
/ d: @' L4 [% n m. ]7 U* ZWithin time limit 在规定期限内- u( P/ K w: P1 n7 u
Penalty 处罚
7 M# n$ w) Y; Y, f3 d, oHigh fines 重罚
: T, i% V) Q4 h1 v1 Z: ]6 UTo be found short （missing/damaged） 短缺（灭失/受损）8 G. Z; k3 a3 E
Final settlement of a claim 最终结案, r; ^) |* V0 B9 f2 |
Financial capabilities 财力8 B( H3 c; [2 k0 M y
Payment will be made by 8 quarterly installments 每季度付一次，8期付清
$ k6 ]0 A7 ?, Tthough the grand total was correct 虽说总计数没错' `) E1 e( E9 a1 p, b4 P+ h
Confidential 保密- h( e2 l' D) K# K, A
IMO International Maritime Organization 国际海事组织
; ?6 C2 }$ M# \IMDG Code International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code
, d: u& f7 E% N# ^7 {- KThe IMO recommendations for the carriage of
* e: u8 E- i$ K* qdangerous goods by sea 国际海事组织危险品编码4 a9 l: B( f0 _! c: T
Incoterms a set of uniform rules codifying the interpretation
6 Y9 x5 h F4 Q# O0 oof trade terms defining the rights and obligation
c9 S2 C% c0 g& T' e2 L% O& q) X( ]of both buyer and seller 国际贸易术语解释通则/ D, s, u7 ~: x+ Q2 B5 {
To recognize the validity of the comments 注意到这些说法的合理性
4 L9 Y3 r2 w9 b: Q7 x i& qECU European Currency Units。A financial unit used for EC accounting 欧元单位
5 j$ a, x% R7 H( ]1 C5 SFMC-related Terms FMC相关术语' n+ D Q: I+ k: V3 \
‘The United States government takes the position that all practices1 w7 }% g$ Q$ [* P1 Z# p8 p( b
related to cargo moving via CHINA SHIPPING to or from the United, }6 Y+ y0 {- `$ f3 h+ {
States are subject to the rules of the United States government, even' ^2 t( S" @& p# c# ^3 c1 }: @
though the practice occurs in China or in some other place outside4 R" p! e$ c8 q( J. j. {/ y0 e- J
The United States, and even though the Merchant or agent never
2 P, \$ b0 A8 lgoes to the United States.’
2 G% K/ }# M. c, d4 i0 c' G“美国政府的政策定位是凡‘中海’承运的美国进出口货物的运作均应受控于! W. s- z3 d6 H/ z1 @
美国政府有关政策规定，即使此类运作仅发生在中国或在美国以外的国家或5 c# A$ ~6 K1 z5 e$ O6 g
地方；抑或发货人或其代理从来就没有到过美国。”5 f; J& s) I/ O( `) z
FMC Federal Maritime Commission 美国联邦海事委员会) r/ E+ S1 H- E* J" O. Q# @
Enforcement Bureau FMC的执行局
8 b+ P7 ^- [# v, }3 GCoast Guard 美国海上警卫队$ w% E. z: X E( j6 T
CBP Customs and Border Protection 美国海关边防总署8 U2 O; x6 P1 R" D X+ E/ A& c7 a+ c
ICB International Carrier Bond 国际承运人保证金
2 ?. S0 r2 @8 ^7 d/ sTIB Temporary Importation Bond 临时进口保证金
1 }1 A+ [/ @/ f: M& TFor shipments entering the U.S. on temporary basis, z6 Z6 J+ A% g2 O, x- k& \$ N
Surety 担保 （保证金）2 j" W, m/ u) R, m
ATFI Automated Tariff Filing and Information System 自动费率报备系统
7 N' H; v4 d$ _8 o& P6 l; R7 pTARIFF（RATE）FILING 费率（运价）报备2 @; C1 l8 l, c8 ~5 u
AMENDMENT FILING 修改运价报备, `/ Z6 M) f$ \* K# U
OSRA Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 1998 1998航运改革法6 c! T) \6 M) K
DPI Distribution-Publications Inc. 美国一家运价费率报备公司+ [- O. J& g, n6 \) N6 q( S
Violations 违规操作
0 _. s a" Z1 h4 m' |9 |Penalty 罚款
$ n1 \8 w( G0 Z$ ^) JSuspend a carrier’tariff 吊销承运人运价本
Q2 n7 d$ N: nCompel production of documents and answers to questions
: l5 j/ X& r0 u/ x8 ~/ d* u强行要求出具文件、单证；对所提问题作出答复
" |' S8 B- H7 ~/ f( ~& t5 ~Entering into a S/C with 与。。。签定服务合同
9 q) }7 o) E& N0 y. eKnowingly and willfully 明知故犯
: O- W6 B* a/ n. eFile a complaint 投诉; }# a3 u5 x/ Y
Operating under an un-filed agreement 按未经报备的所谓合同进行运输% f/ q! m) h) `+ k1 e5 v( D$ _
Operating under an agreement that has yet to become effective under law( C; o' E' V7 N2 j* x9 I$ Y
按尚未生效的合约进行运输; j: O% h8 P; j8 C1 X" ]1 H6 {8 s* v
Misrating a bill of lading is a violation of the Shipping Act regardless of intent # A9 s5 ?0 H) N
无论动机是好或是不好，错定运价即是违反（84）航运法
9 Y5 L" K `" M$ XUnreasonable discrimination or preference 不合理的歧视和偏袒( T4 j. x6 z7 o
Unfair or unreasonable to deal 不公平或不合理的拒绝运输, M: l0 O" X5 u3 n& o# L: U
Retaliation 报复
5 Z8 ~9 N/ m3 lMonitor Carrier Rates 监督承运人运价: R. k1 B" \& P _+ }1 L& s' D! U
Purpose - to prevent unreasonable discrimination among shippers. & b0 Z' ~( h9 W" @
目的－保护托运人免受不合理的歧视4 R: H& A2 r3 C: ]) x5 m+ }
Require publication of tariff rates.: \7 m+ b! ?6 [: J: I8 ~
要求公布运价本+ R: Y+ t$ g H
有船承运人和无船承运人
2 Z/ [1 I' R# ?6 `! s: c& ?Require filing of confidential service contract rates.
+ J8 S- O4 Y P6 O; J要求对保密性的服务合同运价登记
Z% _" _. t7 ^4 O0 j; dFMC does not approve rates.* x. c: s# q. l( F0 k( b
FMC不对运价进行审批2 m& N* l8 C5 H
Exception: controlled carriers./ f9 k0 c9 Z* n) c3 s
例外：受控承运人
: E1 H: l) e2 a9 B0 ?$ t% g) wPetitioner request the Commission to determine whether CSA’s members have violated
C7 i$ v5 g Z* `4 othe Shipping Act through discriminatory service contracting and rating practices in the8 t- m1 n8 c1 y6 z
Caribbean trades that intentionally discriminate against OTIs in violation of sections 10…
9 L: Z5 C8 Y+ L) I2 [6 C6 J控方请求海事委员会裁定‘加勒比船东协会’成员公司采取签署旨在歧视远洋运输
M8 `9 z* i% a6 A% k中介的服务合同和确定运价的做法是否违反了航运法第10节。
* D/ P; e% d$ k- X4 C# INVOCC OTIs depend upon the member lines to transport their shipments, approximately
3 ]' s2 B5 q$ M3 D# N90% of which move under service contracts.& i3 q, l y0 Q% T
远洋运输中介中的无船承运人得依靠成员公司承运货载，大约90%的货是采用服务合同运输的。
& R2 j1 N; t0 h+ y0 FPetitioner asserts that the member lines’ service contract offers to NVOs have I0 Y( u9 X5 G2 @, H, q: l
Eliminated all commodity rates other than FAK and GDSM, thereby depriving
; W; [" |* ?( ]NVOs of a rate basis on which to compete for full container load (FCL), single
* ^6 x [5 `8 p4 i+ P/ E& Ncommodity shipments.! s/ q3 a) g! Q* D5 M
控方认为公会成员公司给NVO签署的服务合同，仅保留了FAK和GDSM运价，
i P( H1 Z% r$ X其它所有货种的运价都被取消，从而剥夺了NVO赖以竞争的单一货种的整箱货! v/ k/ Q" C! G
的基价。
