冶金术语
iron and steel industry9 ?2 {9 s# }: S& e# m7 l
钢铁工业# g6 r, k$ i8 r% M+ z% l3 l
ironworks+ c( [* c( A4 I8 a8 {
铁厂
) o% C6 S( P' m# x$ O3 Zfoundry( G3 D* R5 O: ]! E4 F
铸造车间
1 o4 w8 D* `) l6 o' y& T! ]* Gsteelworks1 n$ t0 x* }. Y
钢厂
) p9 @8 j2 _# t7 t9 s( N# V( Fsteel mill
6 i7 J, Q) y1 U& `8 E+ c, A钢厂
/ S O" f& H; W2 y9 a9 xcoking plant. I& c" l& u4 g* h) w
炼焦厂# w+ I$ V; H1 N: p( U
electrometallurgy' f& Y+ X' K3 i1 F
电冶金学
. `+ E4 U: B# P" z, ipowder metallurgy
: F( ?8 o- n U1 B0 _: x5 \粉末冶金学* G7 D; K1 F1 N, D
blast furnace
) Q/ |# U) J C( a" U' V鼓风炉& o: l7 d% t+ G8 M9 Z9 Z, f3 [
mouth, throat& W ^ w7 |0 _1 c" P4 D. F
炉口
( l2 K% z- n" q8 m8 j% khopper. z& K6 Q3 g, s+ R& B* p
料斗
7 \& v& j, G" s! `chute6 L$ S3 S6 l9 t) G( K O# {
料斗
" O9 P5 P8 d: R. e3 q8 ]! |stack* r- l s+ w7 C: B/ L: o& J
炉身, R6 j% I+ |0 n8 I
belly
1 K1 M6 M. y, y+ Y* _炉腰. W7 g& K& f: j) x, C6 R
bosh
; d# x8 z: x- r7 D" ~. ^: R' W炉腹
5 J1 {" O% a A1 Q3 h3 scrucible, M9 b- }. t9 d6 B7 v# I
炉缸
. i- u- n$ e+ l+ L4 `. tslag tap
* W5 z( g6 I; Y: q% ~: x放渣口
4 B( ~# q0 y9 E& d$ ^taphole
% D: \, E8 B- a* F2 O0 U4 [% B出铁口，出渣口0 h' K( n$ S7 i7 O* e! _. r
pig bed6 X* c; i& ]/ w% f8 W8 o' ~
铸床* T: ?% m$ R' Z7 W
mould
+ Z5 k. w# R* @4 A铸模6 b4 m) p/ K4 o1 `
tuyere; c' t' F4 q& B7 E
风口, [1 \7 _ h; N- P& W
nozzle! B; M5 x3 S2 b
风口& J1 N: ]+ H* h) x8 _* f
ingot mould- O% U* ?' Y$ e/ H& w
锭模
( m# o$ W: M- X4 B3 c( Efloor3 q" ]% C i& _. o& z
平台) u% z% O" b0 q
hearth
: c( j& F' e* l l$ \, K炉底9 U( j7 D& l# B; g+ v
charger
: c/ w, J: W" H$ ]& V+ z* Z装料机& m/ h& X% O8 W1 D& J
ladle
! T( }4 [* g& Z. O铁水包，钢水包: i9 n+ a9 p- i! r9 O% d8 x
dust catcher
+ j; M0 I# q1 l除尘器1 |9 x E$ q6 M: v. c4 }" h0 E, R
washer
9 H6 t6 v& A3 l& P" e9 p洗涤塔0 ]" Z) G* h$ \/ T2 h
converter
+ h4 Z! I* K3 _6 R5 `( K5 A0 @转炉
5 O- F0 S: F0 H% S! jhoist/ Y0 @. I- z+ p, n
卷扬机
: q! i& t; T5 j R$ T# @8 J4 Scompressor5 Q X& D! n: V9 U3 R9 k
压缩机
" l6 b' g- Z: K3 W: _* O8 A. ytilting mixer$ m( ]2 V7 \& f4 y/ a
可倾式混铁炉
% t2 T# i7 \0 o. o- @regenerator; ?+ ~/ z; d2 Z( z- n
蓄热室; K/ W0 b$ {8 @* e; q
heat exchanger+ i9 q* O/ S' B
热交换器
% y+ T: r$ d1 I2 V$ U# C, Vgas purifier
% t0 K1 N. [/ x- S& ^+ g煤气净化器
; l+ N1 j% p9 Y3 Q' Kturbocompressor
/ F' p$ ?, f/ D7 T涡轮压缩机
b c: f3 ]2 |3 yburner
# j% i6 ^0 V: U% b l$ E& d1 j% q烧嘴
3 Z" k. A$ {4 J4 d+ d$ M: h" C t6 fcupola0 ^# G5 u3 m; ~$ G
化铁炉，冲天炉
2 y! }* y; H; C# }- u% Oemptier
$ R7 F3 t' k6 m% o. A排空装置, ?% { A/ }2 R5 k! C
trough4 U7 L9 b9 K7 T5 t2 _
铁水沟，排渣沟
6 u3 L& O4 F7 z/ r8 Dskip- w8 D0 _+ i6 a% Z3 k9 c
料车
& \' H4 U, l: W" B8 u3 T9 \ arolling mill
! j- X3 ]7 n7 R2 Y3 f: S轧机，轧钢机! Z/ N: _- [& }' p# f% s5 ~: j
blooming mill; k# { \* e" Q& J
初轧机
3 K% `5 i+ u2 D& }0 f7 C4 nroller/ ]0 F7 r; M" j6 A
辊
9 V; I7 d3 r* A. Dbed' r$ i2 U7 ]* Q M8 X& C$ k
底座: L+ {& d( _$ m( n/ I
rolling-mill housing
( o( w3 b0 ^( e6 V; d轧机机架
4 E7 C, [5 t- m5 S+ Y) j% Wdrawbench
6 K( J( Q9 v/ I拔管机，拉丝机! d8 G. a$ @- d# T5 ]5 X- @
drawplate
# f2 m& A8 s) {/ h7 E, _: n拉模板
: w( d$ h1 U3 Q! ashaft furnace0 l3 q$ B- i' b$ k
竖炉
' d) [1 X; |: [2 _9 |' ?# ^/ Frefining furnace
: T& I6 k9 I9 }& ^) ^1 y- T# h; j精炼炉3 p* a# L5 E" n R) |
reverberatory furnace1 n k. V* }1 l- p8 f9 J# N
反射炉/ J7 o$ H* E& p8 r& R
hearth furnace T: F" D. J! Y- y# d1 m
床式反射炉8 `+ j* h8 _2 c3 y+ K4 E
firebrick lining9 k2 M9 B% D+ H) r: O# w
耐火砖衬4 ^4 o+ {' h6 ]' ~
retort/ H" }4 H; @( s4 W, `
反应罐
' A. ~" Z3 a7 Z4 P9 j0 o& jmuffle
7 ?+ Q6 y) S3 O9 u8 n马弗炉" F- e: P$ X/ N1 g
roof arch d+ N- [+ k; ]- w
炉顶
+ O* w9 l5 ~. C4 G7 Y' I$ h% ^. {forge
- R! }8 O3 L' D% _锻造7 @$ ]2 L4 S- S+ J! [
press7 o2 c! j" o# P+ U/ |# q
压锻" _# T5 }% K+ l
pile hammer
4 a5 V, f: a6 s- H0 a' C打桩锤# {8 I' F/ U6 u- u" z8 z
drop hammer7 q8 a7 V/ B. [2 a# j
落锤7 R" t' K, }7 {4 g6 P6 K6 m
die1 R+ r8 W: X- V$ A- i: z) O
拉模7 h! b) i. O5 u1 [9 W
blowlamp
4 J* e; _! `( h0 r% x吹炬4 b) I* k) i" M
crusher3 s4 _+ W0 J' ~. `2 Q/ h
破碎机
: P$ q3 c8 C- n( F% H* V) C+ A4 p9 S {iron ore2 j, h1 `9 l/ V" P6 \3 [- p
铁矿石
/ n- E' j$ O) s% Ycoke
2 w1 o1 F0 J- {) d焦炭
% W# X7 z4 j1 ubauxite
& E, }* {( L) s铁钒土
$ u& g/ Z- D, j: @6 calumina
* R- C+ L. r p I铝
! J1 c2 o5 Y* |: ~. ~cryolite
% Y0 Z( U9 ^" r( W# x) M冰晶石
w4 \9 k8 W5 [5 e: A" wflux; h1 P& Q" M' W
熔剂
9 u+ E+ \4 h' H/ Z( S7 y9 Climestone flux
. w( n2 E- I& ]! t2 ^$ Y1 c+ D1 o石灰石溶剂
; ^9 l4 W$ n, r+ U: phaematite3 s$ I; o; S6 b# ?9 p2 o+ m
赤铁矿
$ C2 G* a0 e; sgangue
- a( y6 h. U6 N, f `脉石
* {/ H4 Q# A6 ?cast iron1 u6 B+ b6 s% H0 a. n/ [
铸铁
. u/ {: m$ ~; [, \: D4 A/ T p4 Ecast iron ingot: g1 r+ C3 y6 u2 m9 r
铸铁锭; v, u% O/ K3 f J8 e
slag
. ]. A0 O X1 c' N4 m8 C炉渣
" c- g5 N, a% F5 W# Wsoft iron
6 C* e, H, O) H& }6 M; U软铁
3 |. Z6 d3 V) `! H+ ]0 b1 L: Z. Xpig iron
+ S, c: R1 ~& [6 ~7 I z生铁
& w2 ]& j8 v/ C( R8 ?& k9 B4 Jwrought iron
/ Y( U2 b! g4 g0 w0 c& K$ s( j7 J熟铁8 D# R. t7 {! [4 h$ V0 O
iron ingot0 D' Z# ?# N1 T# f% E7 j" z
铁锭
{; [# @) i; x( Rpuddled iron. r* J) U; \( S# y$ f
搅炼熟铁9 D F. _7 J* R* l q& y1 I' d4 s
round iron$ P- ]8 B$ ~. ]2 f3 W2 Z: ?6 W
圆铁- ~. P0 O; O9 ^# ~% E! p9 ?
scrap iron! V: g# X/ t& @8 e3 o: ] K
废铁8 T9 Z# q# ?4 Z
steel
0 G3 {" y% D) {, g钢. V1 d1 O' P! B8 K
crude steel
! M3 Y3 \6 T& }- o; R0 h粗钢 R" |3 x! I$ P1 ^& m
mild steel, m/ S9 j) I& z+ H, c% B- W
软钢，低碳钢. N: \0 `7 S) O6 c
soft steel
: n- j! q, Q) P% }/ k5 u: k8 s软钢，低碳钢9 `" Q* L; b7 z4 t% {; j% W
hard steel
; y# U8 h0 j0 H- N- Z硬钢
( ]1 Y( E6 W- B Jcast steel
/ G5 i. u" ^2 _$ l7 T1 y# r坩埚钢，铸钢5 ~& H3 a1 z* y1 t4 [1 s
stainless steel
- v6 ^9 ?! O% T O- i% Y不锈钢
; C6 w; K7 s1 ^1 p# Qelectric steel3 J5 L$ f1 ]8 F( |/ f
电工钢，电炉钢
6 n5 R6 O) O4 d7 Uhigh-speed steel
4 U' @& E4 [ r z' F高速钢# T/ y5 Z& b1 K/ `+ ]8 b+ s/ d
moulded steel
4 M( y# T' G, J( `4 B铸钢
7 l/ H) ^, e% w" Qrefractory steel
6 }1 d) C! n. E6 O热强钢，耐热钢. V2 @/ M' Y' r( I! f
alloy steel( x1 R' M; K! F
合金钢+ C0 c' _) _' S5 y; F1 a
plate sheet2 G8 t( z- S, L% Y6 e2 Z
薄板
, K9 G* ^- k/ I3 R8 D" U+ G5 z( gcorrugated iron1 X% ~& d: i1 g% @3 p
瓦垅薄钢板9 c. `3 g/ |" x
tinplate* P9 b* t4 q% E3 [
马口铁. _- D+ F- V$ V/ h
tin* k" B) x" r1 O2 W% e
马口铁
1 b$ T1 [5 K9 F: G" u: Q* Q+ Ofinished product
9 `4 D A. I2 O( ~1 v9 E( u成品，产品5 ^, g8 E5 G2 |8 ?; Q
semifinished product
) F- r* c* M9 I半成品，中间产品' Q% M1 X$ g6 t
ferrous products% {8 ]& m& n3 L% Q7 l' x6 t+ N4 K0 a
铁制品2 s, ] T7 e) ^* m1 {6 s% E3 o+ {. p
coiled sheet( m5 t) U3 r, K; O
带状薄板$ ^# b* G0 l9 C# b
bloom
/ t: v8 F. }+ C: n1 T初轧方坯+ i. b+ k- @: l6 S' P
metal strip
0 Y3 l% C8 k' Q4 C( }铁带，钢带
' a# |6 x0 S0 mmetal band
6 Z+ Q. G: r7 [* `& n- n铁带，钢带& l1 u8 L; [4 c- R
billet
7 G& g8 H* c; X3 c2 j坯锭，钢坯
) a$ k4 X, G' \; Kshavings. r3 P# b0 ?) E& [. N" R
剃边) }, T/ v* a/ U' \" l( E$ H7 z7 I
profiled bar; ^5 y, v3 ]3 U, L' ]4 K5 s0 _6 v
异型钢材; d7 Q q" ?! l
shape
" i4 _2 J* m1 e) s+ ~9 p. S# m型钢4 K$ k T% I8 Y1 O r
section
- E T6 d3 C5 S0 ]型钢, Q# k! {, Y, j; M8 S5 x2 \
angle iron" U. k) K7 n6 ]+ o+ P0 b" c$ |
角钢
" O, ^- A* u9 [- t! R% w8 t$ Mfrit
8 a4 V+ z2 w, F4 u& f- c烧结) \: M0 b1 P: ^& U$ I" T
wire
5 |0 F1 W2 t6 T, c. Y线材
* y6 P, o/ x% b7 Iferronickel* r7 y1 {) R( \4 K. A: d) e
镍铁
6 `0 w9 i2 B& j3 @elinvar
( ]8 P \ B t4 C/ y镍铬恒弹性钢
9 E5 @1 Y6 m% p& Iferrite4 u& Y& s) J4 s* M: L7 _
铁氧体，铁醇盐
0 X! d5 U" [, N8 T( i2 w# u# {cementite
" p5 O& Q) \, z3 E/ V+ L# ?4 u+ h渗碳体，碳化铁6 X* Y; ?2 d7 Y+ i
pearlite3 r, K# Z7 V& A1 E& s' x) |
珠光体7 i& w' W& x3 c& l
charging
3 G9 d9 m1 t: ^8 @+ z4 e装料，炉料
- a5 Y c8 L! F1 H& A+ _1 N* nloading
& \5 V0 Y& \- k. ~9 s1 F! }, Y装料，炉料. j' w8 J& Z+ J
fusion
2 L6 G! R( F, k" u熔炼
6 }- q2 n7 c9 c5 Y/ T$ K% z0 |% amelting# ?# M. b" w4 m/ k& y3 {
熔炼1 k/ G; m1 O$ b1 V) {; ]
smelting
0 H0 V+ n0 Q1 R熔炼7 R) _9 M. ^ v+ Q7 r$ D2 ^
remelting
8 D* |+ s% V8 R) m再熔化，重熔
) |3 B, `. _+ Q; [- s1 Crefining
) n. E y4 M# t3 z1 z* Y3 g$ U精炼* i: X+ {5 ] i
casting
& P) O% r4 h) M出铁
+ m6 g7 U' _3 U+ Eto cast
' e' [" Q) f8 `8 ]" Y& B6 w3 a出铁5 S2 B% ^: J' N
tapping$ @9 A* }5 W) a4 x% w9 _
出渣，出钢，出铁
( N9 W# F- h( _% Y: lto insufflate6 [' A+ ?1 _; `6 E* U
注入
% q) j# k& C7 n" T7 y! ?to inject
" I$ v! N# k0 P- U注入' n a+ P7 W9 }& P6 }. J3 v2 V
heating
1 j6 c3 F Q0 y5 z) k0 q加热4 g# d3 E) H' y5 V) }! a2 Y
preheating+ D+ t5 r- Q [6 Q$ V+ m
预热
# Y1 }; a+ L2 F7 A3 Z, A% Q! ntempering
8 ^ v0 ?0 u5 k1 e6 ~$ W+ u* ^! [/ c, D回火
/ S0 y4 @" G% B& u, l5 H- v$ v2 wtemper) V' _ A- o9 T \) y. j
回火
6 ]& m$ v( l, e/ w8 Ohardening1 b+ |0 ^1 n$ ]
淬水: e9 E% X$ I o: B
annealing
6 D; w8 @: t. N# Q; i; ~3 t退火
/ F6 x8 ]3 u! I5 v$ O# m. z( Treduction0 f. I- i( J: ]+ B3 s8 N
还原
- p/ W1 ~5 j$ o2 pcooling
' A3 L+ L- K" f6 y冷却# i g% [3 H. Q3 c! ~- m
decarbonization
) _7 G: I; G1 K5 q8 S脱碳
" } \6 O0 V$ [, wdecarburization
& T6 U6 q4 U. F) A脱碳9 T, I9 v. }6 v# |. O
coking- b3 c" D4 S2 \+ M: z& w0 o! R2 N
炼焦 ] T+ P$ K1 e" a
slagging, scorification$ z# f, A- k9 e6 n
造渣2 a( A) C9 o5 u I/ c1 A
carburization, L5 y& E8 I* j% R) ~ I8 x' G
渗碳
2 c. t+ B8 |/ J' z& } M! Ucase hardening
' U- B9 j$ Q* R/ ?表面硬化/ o6 y6 a1 z+ |" s, Q/ g- Z; `0 s
cementation
3 l7 [- ]- S" a& F( A. O2 _( c3 |4 {0 F渗碳
1 S+ D' R1 D7 w! ~/ Dfritting
! _8 g, l+ t5 c5 _ y烧结4 @' T0 O7 \1 T# Y
sintering8 P- Q7 L% Y1 P$ x, ?
烧结
" J$ \3 Y6 T# q7 Bpuddling
- P6 ]. A* e$ E! I0 R搅炼
# S, i9 c% B: z. Y6 jpulverization8 n9 [8 r( S! D5 f
粉化，雾化
( Z. j; a0 b8 n1 F" j( onitriding6 w5 O& Q5 {; t. [! d w
渗氮- F. ?5 b6 k9 X- p5 H$ [, x C
alloy9 J3 t$ ~; @ i! q& v; w
合金
! Y6 v9 Y' _# u |floatation
/ N; A m, D4 ~9 p/ w, K& N8 S/ H: ?9 U浮选
! I! x* O; e) Z1 @+ bflotation! P1 K; N, E; O/ B& Q
浮选- j4 j$ x+ {: U8 x8 E8 J
patternmaking& {9 n& y# m/ D3 m. V6 g
制模
4 K' ^* |5 p; R1 f: y$ a! mmoulding+ t2 x# h# K9 m: K
成型/ M2 y( W5 s% B
calcination
4 q# S) e3 I- |$ P, A8 ^) b煅烧6 D u' o. o9 o R/ @
amalgamation
9 v3 H; p& O% C1 D9 D汞齐化
1 r w- s# K1 Krolling
8 N7 v0 r; Q0 P1 |; M4 f1 k轧制, i4 t e; N% ^6 {- P
drawing
X, r2 n, `" U1 w- H) ^8 g拉拔
' a a" w0 G0 ]/ v3 B% oextrusion
( O1 F1 }& s4 v1 k* N Y/ N挤压
6 T" w4 v& F7 `5 \( O: G8 ] O* |wiredrawing
: c% H' q$ b7 h" q. F) }拉丝5 ]( U* G. O4 X: o( R( H
stamping) n4 i8 N: D& ^. C$ |
冲压 r: `! D6 ]. U+ I) l2 k% r
pressing
4 k. A! U! u9 P( _( q4 G5 U+ w+ w% b( B冲压
0 Q( d. z& H% Cdie casting! y7 G6 q% a& E6 \) u2 ]
拉模铸造
* o2 u& o9 {1 H6 h8 oforging
* C2 z# V2 n4 h- V2 B锻造
+ s( R y. y0 [# Nturning4 M( c( M- c( I+ B' ?. {
车削
% M7 z6 h, A: `9 y- V& B+ y; k5 Omilling
& O' k! v+ i7 `& s& v; [7 A* T" S铣削
9 M& C0 i& ]9 ~" i; bmachining2 Z; f V1 ^, _
加工
9 ^: E) J5 e" b+ L5 D3 T( Ttooling
- t Y7 M. F w加工! O6 B& C. X* l. S- J1 G3 G
autogenous welding
3 b9 c9 ]) Z/ b2 ~) K氧炔焊
+ z( A5 [* L. \fusion welding' M: N0 T4 \+ }' P/ A q N
氧炔焊
. U& y; T4 J% d4 _2 q, C/ i5 Narc welding1 ~" |% k( O/ v7 ?* c
电弧焊
1 m ~: N5 C" r5 A4 @4 y; e- zelectrolysis* a, X+ h0 v( X# T c! v- l
电解
& N1 W7 j% V% L0 E. m" ?trimming
" W: B/ U/ t5 K4 e( u+ P! q清理焊缝
+ U' P* K9 S+ Z( v% `4 ~blowhole
